KSEEB Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Chapter 13 Freedom Struggle

   

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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 13 Freedom Struggle

Class 7 Social Science First war of Indian Independence Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What were the immediate reasons for the outbreak of the First War of Independence?
Answer:
The immediate cause of the 1857 revolt was the introduction of a new kind of gun, the Enfield rifle, into the army. The time was getting ripe for the people to revolt, the Introduction of a new gun (Enfield rifle) in the year 1857 in the army became an immediate reason for the revolt. Before loading the cartridges it was necessary to rip the paper cover with the teeth.

The rumor was spread all over like a wildfire that the paper covers were coated either with pig’s fat or cow’s fat. This hurt the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslims. Soldiers who refused to use it were punished. These were the immediate reasons for the outbreak of the first war of Independence.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Who was Mangal Panday?
Answer:
Mangal Pandey was an Indian soldier of Barakpur (Bengal), refusing to use the gun smeared with fat, openly shot dead a British officer.

Question 3.
State any one effect of the First War of Independence.
Answer:
It created a long-lasting effect, as a consequence of this revolt the rule of East India company ended and the queen of Britain took over the reign of India.

Question 4.
Who was the first nationalist to call the struggle of 1857 as the First War of Independence?
Answer:
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was the first person to refer to the struggle as the ‘First War of Independence’.

Question 5.
Which Mughal King participated in the First war of Independence?
Answer:
Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal King, who participated in the first war of Independence.

Question 6.
Name the women leader who fought in the first war of Independence.
Answer:
Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi fought in the First War of Independence.

II. Discuss in Groups and Answer:

Question 1.
List out the reasons for the outbreak of the First war of Indian Independence.
Answer:
The factors that inspired the people to fight can be divided.

  • Political reasons many kings and Nawabs disturbed by the policies like subsidiary alliance and the doctrine of lapse.
  • Administrative reasons – A new administrative system was created where the British officers occupied all the major civil and military parts.
  • Economic reason – British utilized their political power to loot the economic wealth of India for their profit.
  • Social and Religious reasons: British criticized Indians as primitives who have no culture and civilization.
  • Military reasons: exploitation of Indian soldiers, ill-treatment in the British army
  • Immediate reasons: The introduction of a new gun (Enfield riffle) in the army became an immediate reason for the revolt.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Name the leaders of Karnataka who participated in the First war of Indian Independence.
Answer:
Dondiwagh, Veerappa of Koppala, Diwakara Deekshit, and Balaji of Deshpande of Sindagi in Raichur, Rani chennamma of kittur of Belagavi, Sangolli rayanna are the main leaders of Karnataka who participated in the first war of Independence. Revolts happened in Badami, Bidanoor, and Kodagu.

Class 7 Social Science First war of Indian Independence Additional Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks:

  1. _______ hastened the collapse of the social hierarchical system.
  2. The _______ used India’s economic resources only for their private profit.
  3. The British described _______ as savages untouched by culture and civilization.
  4. The Indian _______ were prohibited from wearing religious symbols and headgear.
  5. The _______ war paved the way for the later national movement for independence.

Answers:

  1. Rule of law
  2. British
  3. Indians
  4. Soldiers
  5. 1857-58

II. Match the following:

A B
1. Delhi a. Begum Hazrat Mahal
2. Kanpur b. Kunwar Singh
3. Lucknow c. Laxmibai
4. Jhansi d. Nana Saheb and Tatya Tope
5. Bihar e. Commander Bakht Khan

Answers:

  1. e
  2. d
  3. a
  4. c
  5. b

III. Answer the following questions briefly:

Question 1.
What was the ‘First war of Indian Independence’ also known as?
Answer:
It was also known as the ‘Revolt of 1857’ or the ‘Sepoy Mutiny’.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Why did Laxmibai revolt against the British?
Answer:
Laxmibai revolted against the British protesting against the Doctrine of Lapse.

Question 3.
Why did the rule of the East India Company end?
Answer:
After the ‘Revolt of 1857’, the British queen took over the administration of India, ending the rule of the East India Company.

Question 4.
Who revolted against the British in Raichur?
Answer:
Diwakara Deekshit and Balajai Deshpande of Sindagi in Raichur revolted against the British Raichur.

Question 5.
Who continued the revolt in Kittur after the death of Rani Chennamma?
Answer:
Sangoli Rayanna continued the revolt in Kittur after the Queen’s death.

IV. Answer the following questions briefly:

Question 1.
What is meant by ‘Religious Disqualification Act’?
Answer:
According to this Act, a father had no right to disinherit the son who had got converted to another religion, from ancestral property.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Name the states which were victimised under policy of Doctrine of Lapse ?
Answer:
Satara, Jaipur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, Awadh were the states which came under British rule due to this policy.

Question 3.
What were the consequences of the 1857 Reovolt ?
Answer:
Though the struggle failed, it created a long lasting effect.

  • The rule of East India company ended and the Queen of Britain took over the reign of lndia.
  • It further led to the rise of the Modern National Movement.

Question 4.
What were the political causes for the First war of Independence ?
Answer:

  • The British conquests and deliberate aggression deeply hurt the sentiments of the ruling class and the common people.
  • The Doctrine of Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse rendered many kings and Nawabs helpless eg., Satara, Jhansi, Oudh etc.,
  • The Moghul king, Bahadur Shah, had been reduced to a king only in name.
  • The pension of some kings had been withheld. The princely titles were cancelled.

Question 5.
Who was Mangal Pande ? Why did he oppose the British ?
Answer:

  • Mangal Pandey was an Indian soldier in Barackpore, in Meerut.
  • A rumour spread that pig and cow fat were used on the paper covering of the Enfield Rifles.
  • He refused to use the fat- smeared cartridge and killed a British officer in broad daylight.
  • The British killed him.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 6.
What happened in Meerut after Mangal Pande was shot dead ?
Answer:

  • Same time in Meerat, Indian soldiers killed Europeans at sight.
  • These furious soldiers rushed to Delhi shouting ‘Maro phirangiko’ which meant ‘Kill Europeans’.
  • In Delhi these enraged soldiers crowned old and weak Mughal king Bahadur Shah II as the emperor of India.

Question 7.
Why did Rani Lakshmi Bai revolt against the British ?
Answer:

  • After the death of Gangadhar Rao, Laxmibai became the Queen of Jhansi.
  • The British refused to accept her adopted son as heir to the throne and annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of lapse.
  • Laxmibai revolted against the British protesting against the policy of Doctrine of Lapse.
  • The queen fought bravely and died in the battle field.
  • She was the bravest among the mutineers.

Question 8.
What were the social causes of the 1857 evolt ?
Answer:

  • The British described Indians as ‘the white man’s burden’ or savages untouched by culture and civilization. They called Indians as ‘pigs’ or ‘blacks’.
  • Indians could not enter hotels or clubs managed by Europeans.
  • Besides, Indians considered the prohibition of the practice of sati and child marriage and encouragement to widow marriage an interference in the social system.

Question 9.
What were the economic causes of the 1857 Revolt ?
Answer:
British utilized their political power to loot the economic wealth of India for their profit.

  • Business interest of the British destroyed cottage and other local industries of India.
  • Land revenue policy was exploitative.
  • The status and source of income of Talukdars and Zamindars were snatched away.
  • Commercialization of agriculture made the farmers feeble.
  • Temble droughts of those days took away the lives of millions of people.

Question 10.
What were the military causes of the 1857 Revolt ?
Answer:

  • The Indian soldiers were prohibited from wearing religious symbols and headgear.
  • Indian soldiers were paid paltry sums and denied opportunities for promotion.
  • The British soldiers were given a higher salary and other facilities.
  • Indian soldiers were sent to the far-flung areas without any additional remuneration.
  • All soldiers had to go wherever the British ordered them for work.

V. Choose the correct option and fill in the blanks:

1. _______ introduced the Doctrine of Subsidiary Alliance,
a) Robert Clive
b) Dalhousie
c) Cornwallis
d) Wellesly
Answer:
d) Wellesly

KSEEB Solutions

2. The replacement of _______ language by English as the court language was not liked by the people.
a) Hindi
b) Persian
c) Urdu
d) Sanskrit
Answer:
b) Persian

3. Many _______ reforms caused discontent among the Hindu and Muslim Orthodox sections.
a) Political
b) Economical
c) Social and religious
d) Military
Answer:
c) Social and religious

4. The introduction of _______ by the British made the Indians view them with suspicion.
a) railways and telegraph
b) social reforms
c) factory system
d) newspapers
Answer:
a) railways and telegraph

5. The immediate cause for the Revolt of 1857 was the introduction of the _______.
a) Zamindari system
b) Doctrine of Lapse
c) Subsidiary Alliance
d) Enfield Rifles
Answer:
d) Enfield Rifles

6. The revolt began on May 10, 1857 at _______.
a) Kanpur
b) Meerut
c) Barackpore
d) Lucknow
Answer:
b) Meerut

7. In Delhi, they declared _______ as the Emperor of India.
a) Akbar
b) Shah Jahan
c) Bahadur Shah Zafar II
d) Aurangzeb
Answer:
c) Bahadur Shah Zafar II

Class 7 Social Science First war of Indian Independence Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is Nationalism?
Answer:
Nationalism is the germination of the feeling ‘we are one’ in the minds of the people of a distinct geographical area.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Who established the Indian National Congress?
Answer:
The Indian National Congress was established by Allan Octavian Hume in 1885 at Mumbai.

Question 3.
When did the partition of Bengal take place?
Answer:
Bengal was partitioned in 1905.

Question 4.
What was the famous proclamation made by Bal Gangadhar Tilak?
Answer:
Bal Gangadhar Tilak proclaimed ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have ‘it ’

Question 5.
When was the Indian Muslim League established?
Answer:
The Indian Muslim League was established in 1906.

Question 6.
Who were the national leaders popularly known as ‘Lai, Bal, and Pal’?
Answer:
Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal were popularly known as ‘Lal-Bal-Pal’.

Question 7.
Who started the Home Rule Movements?
Answer:
In 1916, Lokamanya Tilak and Annie Besant started the Home Rule Movements.

Question 8.
When did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre take place?
Who was the British police official responsible for it?
Answer:

  • On 13th April 1919, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place.
  • The Security officer at Amritsar, General Dyer was responsible for this.

Question 9.
Name any two secret revolutionary organizations.
Answer:
‘Revolutionary Nationalists’, ‘Mitramela’, ‘Abhinava Bharat’.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 10.
Who gave the call ‘Inquilab Zindabad’?
Answer:
Bhagat Singh was the first Indian to give the call ‘Inquilab Zindabad’

II. Discuss in groups and answer:

Question 1.
Name the factors responsible for the rise of indian Nationalism.
Answer:

  • Western education and introduction to modem science and knowledge
  • Uniform system of administration
  • Economic exploitation
  • Awareness of tradition
  • Social and religious movements
  • Inspiration of the first war of Indian Independence.
  • Racial discrimination.

Question 2.
List out the objectives of the Indian National Congress.
Answer:

  • To bring together and forge friendship among all the political activists in various parts of the country.
  • To promote National harmony.
  • To place the demands of the people in front of the government and to shape public opinion.
  • To develop nationalism in the place of provincialism.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 3.
What was the role of revolutionary in the war of Indian Independence?
Answer:

  • Vasudev Balwant Phadke among the revolutionaries who formed a secret organizations.
  • Damodar and Balakrishna Chapekar brothers were the intimate associates of this secret organization.
  • Khudiram Bose was the first martyr to be hanged in the history of freedom struggle.
  • Vinayak Damodar Savarkar set up the first secret organization ‘Mitramela’.
  • Chandrashekhar Azad joined ‘Hindustan Socialist Republican Association’ and was an associate in some cases like the Kakori conspiracy, bombing the legislative assembly hall and firing at British officer Sanderson in Lahore.
  • Many martyrs sacrificed themselves to release India from the clutches of the British.

Class 7 Social Science Freedom Movement Additional Questions and Answers

I. Match the following:

A B
1. Tilak a. Lion of Punjab
2. Bipin Chandra Pal b. Maratha, Kesari
3. Aurobindo Ghosh c. New India
4. Lala Lajpat Rai d. Amar Sonar Bangla
5. Rabindranath Tagore e. Vande Mataram

Answers:

  1. b
  2. c
  3. e
  4. a
  5. d

II. Fill in the blanks:

  1. Womesh Chandra Banerjee was the first president of the _______.
  2. _______ started many national.
  3. Opposing the partition of Bengal, on 16th October 1905 a _______ was observed through Bengal.
  4. During his imprisonment _______ wrote ‘Gita Rahasya’.
  5. _______ was the fist Indian to give the call of ‘Inquilab Zindabad’.
  6. After 1918, the congress took a new path under the leadership of _______.

Answers:

  1. Congress
  2. Aurobindo Ghosh
  3. National Mourning Day
  4. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
  5. Bhagat Singh
  6. Gandhiji

III. Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1.
How did the introduction of Western Education and Modern Science influence Nationalism?
Answer:
The concepts like liberty, equality, and fraternity which took birth in Europe, politically motivated them and instilled a desire of freedom in them.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Name the prominent leaders of the first war of Independence who became everlasting inspiration for the Nationalist leaders.
Answer:
Fearless crusaders like Mangal Pandey, Laxmibai, Hazrat Mahal and others, became the inspiration for the next generation of leaders.

Question 3.
Which period is known as the Age of Moderates?
Answer:
The period between 1885-1905 is known as the ‘Age of Moderates’.

Question 4.
Which period is known as the Age of extremists?
Answer:
The period between 1905 and 1919 is known as the ‘Age of Extremist Politics’.

Question 5.
Name the festivals started by Tilak to bring Indians together.
Answer:
Tilak organised Shivaji Jayanthi and Ganesha festival to bring Indians together.

Question 6.
Why did the congress split at the Surat session in 1907?
Answer:
The difference of opinion between the moderates and the extremists became more intense and caused a political break up in the congress.

Question 7.
What were the basic principles of revolutionary nationalism?
Answer:

  • Intense patriotism.
  • Readiness to sacrifice oneself for the sake of the country.

IV. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each:

Question 1.
How did the uniform Administrative system lead to the growth of nationalistic consciousness among the Indians?
Answer:

  • Indians who were confined to uniform rules felt that they were equal.
  • In one united voice, all Indians opposed various acts and laws implemented by the British which were annoying people.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
How did the British exploit the Indians through their Economic policies?
Answer:

  • Through their economic policies, the British remained responsible for the decline of trade, agriculture and industries in India.
  • They converted the land into a commodity.

Question 3.
How did ‘Realization of Heritage’ lead to nationalism?
Answer:

  • Some foreign scholars like Max Muller, Cunningham etc, through their study enabled Indians to know about the historical, cultural heritage of India.
  • It was confirmed to the Indians that the heritage of India was in no way inferior to that of greek or Rome.

Question 4.
Which are the factors which led to the growth of National Consciousness called unity?
Answer:

  • British believed that they were supreme and considered Indians the most uncivilized.
  • All the higher posts in the administration were reserved only for the British.
    This created unanimity among the Indians.

Question 5.
Who were the prominent leaders of the Moderates?
Answer:
The prominent leaders of the Moderates were Dadabhai Naoroji, Suendranath Bannerjee, Gopala Krishna Gokale, Mahadev Govind Ranade, etc.,

Question 6.
What are the achievements of the Moderates?
Answer:

  • It was due to the struggle of the moderates that the Indians could enter the legislative assemblies.
  • It was their attempts which revealed that the British were the reason for India’s poverty.

Question 7.
Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905?
Answer:

  • The British were worried about observing the feelings of nationalism become intense in Bengal.
  • To crab the nationalist frevor, Lord Curzon decided to divide Bengal on the basis of religion and separate the Hindus and Muslims.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 8.
Who were the noteworthy revolutionaries?
Answer:
They were Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Khudiram Bose, Chandrashekar Azad and Bhagat Singh.

Question 9.
What are the achievements of Chandrashekar Azad?
Answer:

  • Chandrashekar Azad joined ‘Hindustan Socialist Republican Association’
  • He took part in many events like the Kakori Conspiracy, a bomb attack on the legislative assembly, an armed attack on British official Sanders at Lahore and others.

V. Answer the following question in three or four sentences each:

Question 1.
What was the approach of the Moderates in the freedom struggle?
Answer:

  • They believed in the ‘principles of the constitution’.
  • They followed a path of praying, appealing and protesting to achieve what they wanted to
  • They attempted to persuade the British to bring about reforms in the political, social and economic fields.

Question 2.
What were the provisions of the Rowlatt Act?

  • In December 1917, a committee was formed under the chairmanship of justice Rowlatt to stop the revolutionary activities in lndia.
  • The Rowlatt Act was implemented in February 1919.
  • According to this Act, any person could be arrested by the government just on the basis of suspicion.
  • Any place would be searched without any warning.
  • The arrested person did not have even the right to consult a lawyer.

Question 3.
What was the approach of the Moderates in the freedom struggle?
Answer:

  • They believed in the principles of the constitution.
  • They followed a path of praying, appealing and protesting to achieve what they wanted to.
  • They attempted to persuade the British to bring about reforms in the political, social and economic fields.

Question 4.
What are the factors which led to the Surat crisis?
Answer:

  • On the ground of controversy over the Bengal partition, the radicals held agitations on swadeshi and the prohibition of foreign goods.
  • The moderates wanted to confine the protest only to Bengal.
  • They were not ready for direct confrontation with the government.
    All these factors led to the Surat Crisis.

Question 5.
What was the approach of the Moderates in the freedom struggle?
Anawer:

  • They believed in the principles of the constitution
  • They followed a path of praying, appealing and protesting to achieve what they wanted to
  • They attempted to persuade the British to bring about reforms in the political, social and economic fields.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 6.
What are the causes that lead to the growth of extremists?
Answer:

  • Ignoring Indians in the appointments to high positions.
  • The attempt of Lord Curzon in 1905 to indulge in communalism by dividing Bengal.
  • The defeat of Russia in 1905 by the small country Japan
  • Japan gave the message and the confidence that Europeans could be defeated by Asians.
  • The inspiration was given by the revolutionary movements in Ireland, Russia, China, Turkey, Egypt and other countries.

Question 7.
What were the steps taken by the British against the radicals?
Answer:

  • Several of the radicals were sent to jail few were sent on exile. Tilak was given black water punishment and was sent to Mandalay jail in Burma.
  • The British tried to win the favour of the moderates and Muslims by giving greater representation in the legislature.
  • Minto – Morly Reforms were implemented according to which a separate election constituency for the Muslims was created

VI. Choose the correct option and fill in the blanks:

1. _______ propagated the ‘Theory of Drain of Wealth’.
a) Surendranath Bannerjee
b) Gopala Krishna Gokhale
c) Dadabhai Naoroji
d) M.G.Ranade
Answer:
c) Dadabhai Naoroji

2. _______ inspired the people with the messages of Swarajya and Swadeshi.
a) Swami Vivekananda
b) Dayananda Saraswathi
c) M.G.Ranade
d) Jyotiba Phule
Answer:
b) Dayananda Saraswathi

3. _______ was the first President of the congress
a) Syed Bahruddin Tyabji
b) Feroz Shah Mehta
c) DadabhaiNaoroji
d) W.C.Bannerjee
Answer:
d) W.C.Bannerjee

KSEEB Solutions

4. _______ was a leader of the Moderates
a) Surendranath Bannerjee
b) Bipin Chandra pal
c) Lala Lajpat Rai
d) Bala Gangadhar Tilak
Answer:
a) Surendranath Bannerjee

5. Through the _______ Act, the Britishers provided a ‘separate election constituency’ for the Muslims.
a) Ubert
b) Rolat
c) Minto-Morley Reforms
d) Pitt’s India
Answer:
c) Minto-Morley Reforms

The  Gandhian age (1919-1947 CE)

Class 7 Social Science The Gandhian age (1919-1947 CE) Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the Blanks:

  1. Gandhiji’s political guru was _______.
  2. _______ Ashram was established by Gandhiji near Ahmedabad.
  3. Chauri Chaura incident happened in the year _______.
  4. “ Poorn Swaraj “ declaration was adopted in _______.
  5. General Secretary of the Congress Socialist party was _______.
  6. ‘Total Revolution” agitation was started by _______.
  7. _______ was the first Prime Minister of Independent India.

Answers:

  1. Gopala krishna Gokhale
  2. Sabarmati
  3. 1922
  4. 1929
  5. Jayaprakash Narayan
  6. Vinobha Bhave
  7. Jawaharlal Nehru.

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
Where and when was Gandhiji born?
Answer:
Gandhiji was born on 2nd October at Porbandar.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Who was the political guru of Gandhiji?
Answer:
Gopala Krishna Gokhale was the political guru of Gandhiji.

Question 3.
Between whom did the Poona pact take place ?
Answer:
The Poona Pact was signed between gandhiji and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

Question 4.
Who started the ‘Forward Bloc’?
Answer:
Subhash Chandra Bose established the forward Bloc.

Question 5.
Expand INA.
Answer:
Indian National Army.

Question 6.
In which movement did Gandhiji give a call ‘Quit India?
Answer:
Quit India Movement was started in protest against the failure of Cripps Commission.

Question 7.
Who gave the call ‘Give me blood, I will give you freedom’?
Answer:
Subhash Chandra Bose gave the call ‘Give me blood, I will give you freedom’

Question 8.
When was Ambedkar born?
Answer:
Ambedkar was born on 14th April 1891.

Question 9.
Who was called ‘Architect of the constitution of India?
Answer:
Ambedkar is called as the ‘Architect of the Constitution of India’.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 10.
Who was called “ Lokanayak”?
Answer:
Jayaprakash Narayan was called ‘Loka Nayak.’

III. Answer the following questions after discussing in your groups:

Question 1.
Write about Gandhiji’s Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer:

  • Gandhiji started the civil disobedience – movement on 12th March 1930 with the historic Dandi March.
  • With selected 78 supporters, Gandhi travelled the distance of 375 kms. from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on foot.
  • Production of salt by people in violation of tax laws was the objective of this march.

Question 2.
Write about the Quit India Movement.
Answer:

  • The congress adopted the ‘Quit India ’ resolution on 8th August 1942 at the All India Congress Committee session in Bombay.
  • They called upon the Indians to ‘Do or Die’.
  • The very next day, Gandhiji and other leaders were arrested.
  • The news of Gandhiji’s arrest triggered nation wide agitations, boycott of schools and colleges by students and boycott of factories by workers.
  • There were attacks on many police stations, post offices, and railway stations.
  • Students, workers, and formers supported the revolt.
  • This was the people’s major movement of the Gandhian era.

Question 3.
Explain briefly the freedom struggle of Subhash Chandra Bose.
Answer:

  • Subhash Chandra Bose was a great patriot and played a significant role in the freedom struggle. He was fondly called Netaji.
  • He joined the non-cooperation movement, but due to severe differences of opinion with Gandhiji, he resigned from the post of president.
  • He established a party called Forward Bloc
  • He wanted to raise an army and launch a war against the British.
  • During world war II, the British kept him under house arrest.
  • He escaped to Afghanistan and reached Germany.
  • He reached an agreement with Hilter, the German dictator.
  • In 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose went to Singapore and took up the leadership of INA.
  • With the slogan ‘Chalo Dilli’, the INA advanced under the leadership of Bose from the border of Burma to India. There they hoisted the Indian tricolor on the Indian soil.
  • With the capture of Burma’s capital Rangoon, INA soldiers surrendered.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 4.
Explain Ambedkar’s struggle for Social Independence.
Answer:
Ambedkar was a great leader who fought for the welfare of Dalits and other deprived classes of society.

  • As he was born into an untouchable caste, he had experienced the pain of untouchability.
  • He was convinced that only through constitutional measures, the social evil of untouchability can be eradicated.
  • He launched various straggles against untouchability among which the Mahad Movement and entering the Kalaram temple of Nasik are important.
  • He edited ‘Mookanayak’ and ‘Bahikruth Bharat’ periodicals to voice the issues of Dalits, He also established ‘Bahiskrath Hithakarani Sabha.

Class 7 Social Science The Gandhian age (1919-1947 CE) Additional Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks:

  1. The leader of the Indian National Army was _______.
  2. The chairman of the Constitution Framing Committee was _______.
  3. _______ protested against the practice of apartheid
  4. The _______ commission had only British people without any representation of Indians.

Answers:

  1. Subash Chandra Bose
  2. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
  3. Gandhiji
  4. Simon

II. Match the following:

A B
1. Simon Commission a. Indigo farmers
2. Champaran b. Lahore session of Congress
3. Quit India c. Two Nation Theory
4. Poorna Swaraj d. Do or die
5. Md. Ali Jinnah e. To study the effects of 1919 reforms

Answers:

  1. e
  2. a
  3. d
  4. b
  5. c

III. Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1.
Where did Gandhiji study law?
Answer:
Gandhiji studied law in Britain.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
How did Gandhiji protest against apartheid?
Answer:
Gandhiji protested against apartheid by using satyagraha and non-violent means.

Question 3.
When and who started the non-co-operation movement?
Answer:
Gandhiji started the non-co-operation movement in the year 1920.

Question 4.
How did Lala Lajpat Rai die?
Answer:
Lala Lajpat Rai got injured in the lathi charge and died in the public demonstration held at Lahore against the Simon Commission.

Question 5.
From where to where was the historic Dandi march?
Answer:
The historic Dandi march was from Sabaramathi Ashram to Dandi near Surat.

Question 6.
Who were the most important leaders of the Congress Socialist party?
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose.

Question 7.
When did Gandhiji start the Champaran Sathyagraha?
Answer:
Gandhiji started Champaran Satyagraha in 1917.

Question 8.
Who was the last Governor-General and Viceroy of India?
Answer:
The last Governor-General and Viceroy of India was Lord Mountbatten.

IV. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each:

Question 1.
Name the major books which influenced Gandhiji’s life.
Answer:
The major books which influenced Gandhiji’s life were ‘The Bhagavadgita’, John Ruskin’s ‘Unto this last’, Leo Tolstoy’s ‘The kingdom of God’ Lies within you’ and the play ‘ Satya Harish Chandra’.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
Name the important books and journals of Gandhiji.
Answer:

  • My experiments with truth, Hind Swaraj, Satyagraha in South Africa are Gandhiji’s important books
  • Harijan and young India are the Journals he edited.

Question 3.
Why was the Simon Commission appointed by the British? Why did the Indians oppose it?
Answer:

  • British Government sent Simon Commission to India to study 1919’s reforms and to give a report of its functions in Indian provinces.
  • As all the members were English and there was no representation to Indians in that commission, the Indians opposed it.

Question 4.
Describe briefly the Champaran revolts.
Answer:
The planters were forcing the fanners of Champaran to grow Indigo. Gandhiji started Champaran satyagraha in 1917. Finally, their problems were solved.

Question 5.
Describe briefly the Kheda farmer’s revolt.
Answer:
In the Kheda district of Gujarat due to crop failure, the farmers were unable to pay tax. The government insisted on the payment of tax. Gandhiji supported this agitation and urged the farmers not to pay tax. Finally, the government asked those formers who can to pay the tax.

Question 6.
Describe briefly the Mapillais revolts.
Answer:
The Mapillais (Moplas) were Muslims of Malabar. The frequent increase in the contract amount was the main reason for their revolt.

V. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each:

Question 1.
What are the contributions of Gandhiji in the freedom struggle.
Answer:
In 1919 Gandhiji entered the India political field.

  • He realized that pushing out the British by physical strength alone is impossible.
  • In 1919, he led movements against Rowlalt Act and the massacre at Jalianwalabagh.
  • He also provided leadership to the Khilafat movement to establish harmony among Hindu and Muslims.
  • He also initiated the Non-co-operation Movement Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit India Movement.

KSEEB Solutions

Question 2.
What is Khilafat Movement?
Answer:
Turkey’s empire was under the hands of Khalif.

  • Khalif was the supreme religious leader to all Muslims of the world.
  • Turkey stood against Britain in the First World war and was defeated.
  • Arabia, Jordan, Iraq which were part of Turkey became independent states.
  • In 1919 leader Kamal Pasha pushed out Khalils and came to power. Therefore the Muslims of India launched a movement against the British in favour of Khalif.

Question 3.
Give a brief account of the Non-co-operation Movement
Answer:
Non-co-operation Movement was started in 1920 under the leadership of Gandhiji.

  • Awards and titles were boycotted, Ravindranath Tagore returned his Knighthood and Gandhiji returned his ‘Kaiser – e – Hind’ award.
  • Courts, education! institutions, legislative assemblies, and British products were boycotted.
  • The people from all walks of life who were attracted by the non – violence, and satyagraha joined the movement.

VI. Choose the correct option and fill in the blanks:

1. The Rowlatt Act was imposed to suppress the _______.
a) Khilafat movement
b) Revolutionaries
c) Salt Sathyagraha
d) Hindu-Muslim unity
Answer:
a) Khilafat movement

2. At _______ the people burnt the police station which caused the death of 22 policemen.
a) Jallianwala Bagh
b) Meerut
c) Chowri-Chowra
d) Barackpur
Answer:
c) Chowri-Chowra

3. Gandhiji withdrew the non-co-operation movement because _______.
a) people campaigned for Hindu Muslim . unity
b) advocates gave up their practice
c) the congress boycotted the election
d) Gandhiji was pained by the violence
Answer:
d) Gandhiji was pained by the violence

4. The Nehru committee was headed by _______.
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Motilal Nehru
d) Smt. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Answer:
c) Motilal Nehru

KSEEB Solutions

5. The muslims of _______ were called Mapillais.
a) Champaran
b) Malabar
c) Kheda
d) Bardoli
Answer:
b) Malabar

6. The difference of opinion got settled with the signing of the _______ pact between Gandhiji and Ambedkar.
a) Gandhi- Irwin
b) Wardhaw
c) Poona
d) Lucknow
Answer:
c) Poona

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