Students can download Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Indian Soils Important Questions, KSEEB SSLC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions and Answers helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Karnataka SSLC Class 10 Social Science Geography Important Questions Chapter 4 Indian Soils
Question 1.
What is soil?
Answer:
Soil is the thin surface layer of the earth comprising closely intermixed mineral and organic substances.
Question 2.
Why is soil an important natural resource of India?
Answer:
Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in India. Since agricultural production is basically dependent on the fertility of the soil, it is an important natural resource of India.
Question 3.
On what factors does soil formation in India depend?
Answer:
Soil formation in India depends on parent rock, relief, climate and natural vegetation.
Question 4.
What are the types of soils found in India?
Answer:
The soils of India can be classified into six types:
- Alluvial soil
- Black soil or regur soil
- Red soil
- Laterit = soil
- Desert soil
- Mountainous soil
Question 5.
What is alluvial soil?
Answer:
The soil the is composed of alluvium is called alluvial soil.
Question 6.
How is alluvial soil formed?
Answer:
Alluvial soil is formed from the sediments deposited by the rivers and sea waves.
Question 7.
Write a note on alluvial soil in India.
Answer:
Alluvial soil is the most extensive and important soil found in India. It covers an area of about 15 lakh sq. kms. It contributes greatly to the development of agriculture in the country. The main crops grown in this type of soil are wheat, paddy, sugarcane, cotton, jute, potato and vegetables.
Question 8.
Which are the important crops grown in alluvial soil?
Answer:
Wheat, paddy, sugarcane, cotton, jute, potato and vegetables are grown in alluvial soil.
Question 9.
What are khadar and bhangar? Where are they found in India?
Answer:
The fine and newer alluvium is called khadar. The coarse gravel and older alluvium is called bhangar. Both these types of soils are found in the Indo – Gangetic pLin.
Question 10.
What is black soil also known as?
Answer:
Black soil is also known as ‘regur’ or ‘black cotton soil’.
Question 11.
Which soil is best suited for the cultivation of cotton?
Answer:
Black soil is best suited for the cultivation of cotton.
Question 12.
How is black soil formed?
Answer:
Black soil is formed from the weathering of basalt rock.
Question 13.
What are the features of black soil?
Answer:
Black soil is formed from the weathering of basalt rock. It is dark grey to black in colour. It has high clay content. It is highly retentive of moisture and extremely compact.
Question 14.
What are the uses of black soil?
Answer:
Black soil is best suited for the cultivation of cotton. Sugarcane, jowar, maize, pulses, wheat and chillies are the other important crops grown in this soil.
Question 15.
Black soil is best suited for the cultivation of cotton. Why?
Answer:
Black soil has high clay content. It is highly retentive of moisture and extremely compact. Hence it is best suited for the cultivation of cotton.
Question 16.
Where is black soil found in India?
OR
Explain the distribution of black soil in India.
Answer:
Black soil covers about 5.46 lakh sq. kms. in India. It is largely found in the Deccan basalt trap region including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, parts of Telangana, northern part of Karnataka, parts of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
Question 17.
What type of soil is found in the Deccan Trap?
Answer:
Black soil is found in the Deccan Trap.
Question 18.
Write a short note on black soil in India.
Answer:
Black soil covers an area of 5.46 lakh sq. kms. in India. It is largely found in the Deccan basalt trap region including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, parts of Telangana, northern part of Karnataka, parts of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. It is best suited for the cultivation of cotton. Sugarcane, jowar, maize, pulses, wheat and chillies are the other important crops grown in this soil.
Question 19.
How is red soil formed?
Answer:
Red soil is formed from the weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks.
Question 20.
What are the characteristics of red soil?
Answer:
Red soil is formed from the weathering of granite, gneiss and other crystalline rocks. The colour of this soil is generally red or reddish brown. It is sandier and less clayey. Hence it does not retain moisture.
Question 21.
Where is red soil found in India?
OR
State the distribution of red soil in India.
Answer:
Red soil covers an area of about 5.2 lakh sq. kms. It is spread extensively in Tamil Nadu. It is also found in southern Karnataka, parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Kerala, Goa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Nagaland and West Bengal.
Question 22.
Which are the important crops grown in red soil?
Answer:
Red soil is ideal for the cultivation of ragi, millets, groundnuts, tobacco and ‘potato.
Question 23.
How is laterite soil formed?
Answer:
Laterite soil is formed in tropical areas under conditions of high temperature and rainfall.
Question 24.
What are the features of laterite soil?
Answer:
Laterite soil is formed in tropical areas under conditions of high temperature and rainfall. It is leached soil, not fertile and is of limited use in agriculture.
Question 25.
Where is laterite soil found in India?
Answer:
Laterite soil covers an area of 2.48 lakh sq. kms. It is mainly found in the uplands of Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Chotanagpur Plateau, Meghalaya Plateau, Rajmahal Hills,Vindhyas and Satpuras.
Question 26.
What crops are grown in laterite soil?
Answer:
Crops like cashew, rubber, tea, coffee and paddy are grown in laterite soil.
Question 27.
Where is desert soil formed?
Answer:
Desert soil is formed in desert and semi-desert conditions.
Question 28.
What are the features of desert soil?
Answer:
Desert soil is formed under desert and semi – desert conditions. It is fairly friable (crumbles easily). It has a high content of soluble salt. It is sandy and low in moisture and humus.
Question 29.
Where do we find desert soil in India?
Answer:
Desert soil covers an area of 1.42 lakh sq. kms. It is largely found in north-western part of India, that is, major parts of Rajasthan, southern Haryana, Punjab and the northern part of Gujarat.
Question 30.
Why is desert soil not suitable for agriculture?
Answer:
Desert soil is fairly friable, has high content of soluble salt, is sandy and is low in moisture and humus. Hence it is not suitable for agriculture.
Question 31.
How is mountain soil formed?
Answer:
Mountain soil is formed due to the decomposition of organic matter.
Question 32.
What are the features of mountain soil?
Answer:
Mountain soil is formed due to the decomposition of organic matter. Hence it is rich in humus and fertile. It is mainly found on the slopes of mountains and on hills covered by forests.
Question 33.
Where is mountain soil found in India?
Answer:
Mountain soil covers an area of 2.85 lakh sq. kms. It is largely found in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Manipur states and along the Western Ghats.
Question 34.
What crops are grown in mountain soil?
Answer:
Mountain soil is suitable for the cultivation of plantation crops like tea, coffee and fruits.
Question 35.
What is soil erosion?
Answer:
Soil erosion refers to the removal of top soil by natural agents.
Question 36.
What are the agents of soil erosion?
Answer:
Rivers, glaciers, winds, sea waves, etc., are the agents of soil erosion.
Question 37.
What are the causes of soil erosion?
Answer:
The causes of soil erosion are:
- Deforestation
- Overgrazing
- Shifting cultivation
- Faulty methods of cultivation
- Use of top soil for making bricks, tiles, etc.
Question 38.
What are the effects of soil erosion?
Answer:
The important effects of soil erosion are:
- Loss of soil fertility and fall in agricultural productivity.
- Leads to silting and floods, change in the course of rivers and reduction in the capacity of reservoirs.
- Ground water level is lowered and there is decrease in soil moisture.
- Vegetation cover dries up and droughts increase.
Question 39.
What is soil conservation?
Answer:
Protection of the soil from erosion and preservation of fertility of the soil is called soil conservation.
Question 40.
What are the different methods adopted for soil conservation?
OR
What are the ways in which soil erosion can be prevented?
Answer:
The measures/methods adopted for soil conservation are:
- Afforestation and reforestation.
- Control over grazing.
- Contour farming.
- Construction of check dams.
- Contour bunding.
- Gully control and bench terracing.
Multiple – choice Questions
Question 1.
The soil formed from the sediments transported by the rivers from the mountains and deposited in the plains is called ________
(A) Regur soil
(B) Black soil
(C) Red soil
(D) Alluvial soil
Answer:
(D) Alluvial soil
Question 2.
Black soil is also called ________ soil.
(A) regur
(B) loamy
(C) laterite
(D) desert.
Answer:
(A) regur
Question 3.
The most important crop grown in black soil is ________
(A) jute
(B) cotton
(C) ragi
(D) paddy
Answer:
(B) cotton
Question 4.
The mountain soil is rich in ________
(A) humus
(B) sulphur and phosphorus
(C) ferrous oxide and aluminium
(D) sand and clay.
Answer:
(A) humus
Question 5.
Which one of the following is the main cause of soil erosion?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Industries
(C) Deforestation
(D) Urbanisation.
Answer:
(D) Urbanisation.
Question 6.
Regur soil is formed from the disintegration of ________
(A) basalt rocks
(B) hard rocks
(C) crystalline rocks
(D) soft rocks.
Answer:
(A) basalt rocks
Question 7.
Black soil contains high clay content and is very useful wherever rainfall is less because it is able to ________
(A) absorb moisture
(B) retain moisture
(C) release moisture
(D) retract moisture.
Answer:
(B) retain moisture
Question 8.
Black soil is suitable for growing cotton because ________
(A) it is sticky in nature
(B) it is formed from the disintegration of volcanic rocks
(C) it has the capacity to retain moisture for a long period
(D) it is rich in potash and nitrogen.
Answer:
(C) it has the capacity to retain moisture for a long period
Question 9.
The soil which is suitable for the cultivation of plantation crops such as coffee and tea is ________
(A) alluvial soil
(B) black soil
(C) mountain soil
(D) red soil.
Answer:
(C) mountain soil
Question 10.
Prevention of soil erosion and preservation of its fertility is known as ________
(A) Soil loss
(B) Soil management
(C) Land management
(D) Soil conservation.
Answer:
(D) Soil conservation.
Question 11.
The soil that is most extensively spread over vast areas in India is ________
(A) laterite soil
(B) alluvial soil
(C) red soil
(D) black soil
Answer:
(B) alluvial soil
Question 12.
In list A, types of soils and in list B, places where they are available are given. Identify the group that is matched correctly.
(A) 1 – d, 2 – b, 3 – a, 4 – c
(B) 1 – b, 2 – c, 3 – a, 4 – d
(C) 1 – a, 2 – b, 3 – d, 4 – c
(D) 1 – d, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – c
Answer:
(D) 1 – d, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – c
Question 13.
In list A, types of soils and in list B, their related details are given. Identify the group that is matched correctly.
(A) 1 – d, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – c
(B) 1 – a, 2 – d, 3 – c, 4 – b
(C) 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – c, 4 – b
(D) 1 – b, 2 – a, 3 – d, 4 – c
Answer:
(A) 1 – d, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – c
Question 14.
Regur soil is also known as ________
(A) red soil
(B) laterite soil
(C) alluvial soil
(D) black soil
Answer:
(D) black soil
Fill in the blanks
- The soil that is formed from the sediments deposited by rivers is called alluvial soil.
- Black soil is also known as regur, and black cotton soil.
- Under conditions of high temperature and rainfall, laterite soil is formed in tropical areas.
- Mountain soil is suitable for plantation crops.