Karnataka Board Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Diversity in Living Organisms
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Intext Questions
Question 1.
Why do we classify organisms?
Answer:
We have to classify organisms because in our surroundings millions of organisms are there. Each organism is different from all others to a lesser or greater extent.
Question 2.
Give three examples of the range of variations that you see in life forms around you.
Answer:
- Monkey has a lot more in common with us than with the cow.
- There is difference in desi cow and jersey cow.
- In human beings also we find difference (Height, dwarf and red, white colour).
Question 3.
Which do you think is a more basic characteristic for classifying organisms?
(a) the place where they live?
(b) the kind of cells they are made of why?
Answer:
(a) This is not useful for classifying organisms, because the habitat of all living beings is not the same. It is different for different organisms.
(b) This is a more basic characteristic for classifying organisms because Nucleated cells would have the capacity to participate in making a multicellular organism because they can take up specialised functions.
Question 4.
What is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made?
Answer:
Nucleus is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made.
Question 5.
On what bases are plants and animals put into different categories?
Answer:
Plants prepare their own food by the process called photosynthesis. But animals are not preparing their own food on these bases are plants and animals put into different categories.
Question 6.
Which organisms are called primitive and how are they different from the so-called advanced organisms?
Answer:
Older organisms are called primitive and they have simple structure. Body structure of advanced organism is complex.
Question 7.
Will advanced organisms be the same as complex organisms? Why?
Answer:
Advanced organisms as well as complex organisms both are of same type. Because they both do not have simple body structure.
Question 8.
What is the criterion for the classification of organisms as belonging to kingdom Monera or Protista?
Answer:
(a) Cell wall or do not have a cell wall
(b) Mode of nutrition
(c) Unicellular or Multicellular
(d) Appendage
(e) Autotrophic or heterotropic.
Question 9.
In which kingdom will you place an organism which is single-celled, eukaryotic, and photosynthetic?
Answer:
Monera.
Question 10.
In the hierarchy of classification, which grouping will have the smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common and which will have the largest number of organisms?
Answer:
In the hierarchy of classification species will have the Smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common and the kingdom will have the largest number of organisms.
Question 11.
Which division among plants has the simplest organisms?
Answer:
Among plants Thallophyta has the simplest organisms.
Question 12.
How are pteridophytes different from the phanerogams?
Answer:
| Pteridophytes | Phenerograms |
| 1. It has a conduction system. | Well-differentiated reproductive tissues. |
| 2. Cryptogame | Produce seeds |
Question 13.
How do gymnosperms and angiosperms differ from each other?
Answer:
| Gymnosperms | Angiosperms |
| 1. Naked seed | Covered seeds |
| 2. Evergreen and woody | Flowering plants |
| 3. Perennial | Monocot or dicot |
| Ex: Pinas deodar | Ex: Pulses, grain |
Question 14.
How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals.
Answer:
| Porifera | Coelenterate |
| 1. Cellular level of organization. | Tissue level of organization. |
| 2. No division of labor. | The division of labor is seen. |
| 3. Do not have colors. | Have color. |
Question 15.
How do annelid animals differ from arthropods?
Answer:
| Arthropoda | Coelenterata |
| 1. Exoskeleton | No skeleton |
| 2. Separate sexes. | Sexes may be unified. |
| 3. Segmented body head, thorax, and abdomen. | The body is segmented into rings. |
Question 16.
What are the differences between amphibians and reptiles?
Answer:
| Amphibians | Reptiles |
| 1. Levels both inland and water. | It can live in water but need to come out for oxygen. |
| 2. Can jump. | Move by crawling. |
| 3. The skin is moist and soft. | The skin is hardened. |
Question 17.
What are the differences between animals belonging to the Aves group and those in the Mammalia group?
Answer:
| Aves | Mammals |
| 1. Body covered by feathers. | The body is covered with hair. |
| 2. Streamlined body. | The body is not streamlined except whales, dolphins. |
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Textbook Exercises
Question 1.
What are the advantages of classifying organisms?
Answer:
The scientific name for an organism is unique and can be used to identify it anywhere in the world. This is the advantage of classifying organisms.
Question 2.
How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a hierarchy in classification?
Answer:
We do not list out the whole hierarchy groups it belongs to. Instead, we limit ourselves to writing the name of the genus and species of that particular organism.
Question 3.
Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms.
Answer:
Following are the characteristics used for hierarchial classification.
- Whether organisms are prokaryotes or Eukaryotes.
- Do the cells occur singly or are they grouped together and do they live as an indivisible group?
- Do organisms produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis?
- Of the organisms that perform photosynthesis (plants), what is the level of organisation of their body?
- Of the animals, how does the individuals body develop and organise its different parts, and what are the specialised organs found for different functions.
Question 4.
What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?
Answer:
The first level of classification among plants depends on whether the plant body has well-differentiated, distinct components. The next level of classification is based on whether the differentiated plant body has special tissues for the transport of water and other substances within it. Further classification looks at the ability’ to bear seeds and whether the seeds are enclosed within fruits.
Question 5.
How are the criteria for deciding divisions in plants different from the criteria for deciding subgroups among animals?
Answer:
We can see that, even in these few questions that we have asked, a hierarchy is developing. The characteristics of body design used for the classification of plants will be very different from those important for classifying animals. This is because the basic designs are different, based on the need to make their own food (plants), or acquire it (animals). Therefore these design features (having a skeleton, for example) are to be used to make sub-groups, rather than making broad groups.
Question 6.
Explain how animals in Vertebrata are classified into further subgroups?
Answer:
Subgroups of animals in Vertebrata:
- Pisces: Exoskeleton of scales, endoskeleton of bone/cartilage, breathing through gills.
Eg: Fishes. - Amphibia: Gills in larva, lungs in most adults, shiny skin.
Eg: Amphibians. - Reptilia: Exoskeleton of scales, laying eggs outside water.
Eg: Reptiles. - Aves: Exoskeleton of feathers, lay eggs outside water, flight possible.
Eg: Birds. - Mammalia: Exoskeleton of hair, external ears, mostly giving birth to the young.
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Additional Questions
I. Answer the following questions:
Question 1.
Who wrote the book ‘origin of species’?
Answer:
Charles Darwin.
Question 2.
To which group unicellular algae, diatoms, and protozoa belong to?
Answer:
Protista.
Question 3.
Which plants have specific root, stem, and leaves?
Answer:
Pteridophyta.
Question 4.
Which is the largest group among animals?
Answer:
Arthropoda.
II. Draw the following and label the parts.
1. Amoeba
2. Paramoecium
Answer:
1. Amoeba.
2. Paramoecium:
