## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Motion

Students can Download KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Motion, Karnataka State Board Solutions help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

## Karnataka Board Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Motion

### KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Intext Questions

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Question 1.
An object has moved through a distance can it have zero displacement? If yes, support your answer with an example.

In the figure distance of an object moved from 0 to A is 60 km and distance travelled is 60 km and displacement is 60 km. From 0 to A and back to B, distance travelled is 60 km + 25 km = 85 km. But displacement (35 km) is not equal to distance travelled (85 km). If we observe like this, displacement of a body is zero, but distance travelled is not zero, starting from point ‘0’ and returning back to ‘O’ final position is mixing with initial point. Hence displacement is zero.

Displacement Calculator is a free online tool that displays the displacement of a given object.

Question 2.
A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10 m in 40s. What will be the magnitude of displacement of the farmer at the end of 2 minutes 20 seconds from his initial position?
A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10 m in 40s
2 minutes 20 seconds means 140 seconds.
Distance travelled by farmer
= $$\frac{40}{40}$$ × 140 m
= 140 m.
∴ Farmer moves for 2 minutes 20 seconds. It means $$\frac{140}{40}$$ = 3.5 rounds
From the original point, he moves for 2 minutes 20 seconds.
Case i)
Original point means any point in the corner of the field. In this case he moves for 2 min 20 seconds from the diagonal of the field.
Displacement is equal to diagonal of the field displacement
= $$\sqrt{10^{2}+10^{2}}$$
= 14.1 m.
Case ii)
Original point means any point in the middle of the side of the field.
∴ Displacement is equal to any side of the field = 10 m.
It means displacement is between any original point ie in between 14.1 m and 10 m.

Question 3.
Which of the following is true for displacement?
a) It cannot be zero.
b) Its magnitude is greater than the distance travelled by the object.
b) Its magnitude is greater than the distance travelled by the object.

Question 4.
Distinguish between speed and velocity

 Speed Velocity 1. Scalar quantity Vector quantity 2. Distance travelled in a given time. Distance travelled along with a path with the given time. 3. It is always is + ve. It is + ve or – ve

Average velocity calculator is really nice tool to use and it will help you solve all your problem related to average velocity.

Question 5.
Under what condition (s) is the magnitude of the average velocity of an object equal to its average speed?
If the speed of the object changing uniformly, the magnitude of the average velocity of an object equal to its average speed.

Question 6.
What does the odometer of an automobile measure?
Odometer measures the speed of the vehicle.

Question 7.
What does the path of an object look like when it is in uniform motion?
When the object is in uniform motion, it covers equal distance at equal intervals of time.

Question 8.
During an experiment, a signal from a spaceship reached the ground station in five minutes. What was the distance of the spaceship from the ground station? The signal travels at the speed of light, which is 3 × 10 ms-1.
Time taken by the signal to reach the ground station from the spaceship = 5 min = 5 × 60 = 300 seconds
Speed of the signal = 3 × 108 m/s.
Speed = $$\frac{\text { Total distance travelled }}{\text { Total time taken }}$$
∴ Distance travelled = speed × time taken
= 3 × 108 × 300
= 9 × 1010m
∴ Distance of change of velocity = 9 × 1010 m

A versatile acceleration calculator with which you can calculate the acceleration given initial and final speed and acceleration time.

Question 9.
When will you say a body is in

1. Uniform acceleration?
2. non-uniform acceleration?

1. If the object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is added to be in uniform motion.
2. If the object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be in non-uniform motion.

Question 10.
A bus decreases its speed from 80 km h-1 to 60 km h-1 in 5s. Find the acceleration of the bus.
Initial velocity of the bus u = 80 kmh-1

Final velocity, V = 60 km/h
time taken to decrease the velocity of bus, t = 5 seconds
acceleration, a = 5 seconds

= -1.112 ms-2.

Question 11.
A train starting from a railway station and moving with uniform acceleration attains a speed 40 km h-1 in 10 minutes. Find its acceleration.
Initial speed of the train u = 0

∴ acceleration of a train = 0.0185 ms-2.

Question 12.
What is the nature of the distance-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an object?
(i) The nature of the distance-time graphs for the uniform motion of an object is a straight line.

(ii) The nature of tire distance time graph for non-uniform motion is curved line.

Distance-time graph for a car moving with non-uniform speed

Question 13.
What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is straight line parallel to the time axis?
This graph indicates the object is at rest.

Question 14.
What can you say about the motion of an object if its speed-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis?
This graph indicates the object is in uniform motion.

Question 15.
What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity-time graph?
The quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity-time graph is length = l

Question 16.
A bus starting from rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.1 ms-2 for 2 minutes. Find
(a) the speed acquired,
(b) the distance travelled.
(a) Initial velocity of the bus u = 0 (Bus is at rest).
acceleration, a = 0.1 ms-2
time t = 2 minutes = 120 seconds
Let the speed of bus be ‘V’

∴ v = 12m/s
(b) As per third law of motion:
v2 – u2 = 2as
(12)2 – (0)2 = 2(0. 1)s
∴ s = 720 m.
the speed of acquired by bus = 12 m/s.
the distance travelled = 720 m.

Question 17.
A train is travelling at a speed of 90 kmh-1 Brakes are applied so as to produce a uniform acceleration of -0.5 ms-2. Find how far the train will go before it is brought to rest.
Let the initial speed of the train be u = 90 Km/h
= 25 m/s.
Final speed of the train, v = 0 (train comes to rest)
acceleration a = 0.5 ms-2
As per 3rd law of motion
v2 = u2 + 2as
(0)2 = (25)2 + 2(0.5)s
s = train travelled distance

Train will travel 625 km before it is brought to rest.

Question 18.
A trolley, while going down an inclined plane has an acceleration of 2cms-2 what will be its velocity 3s after the start?
Initial velocity of a trolley, u = 0 (at rest)
acceleration, a = 2 cms-2 = 0.02 m/s2 time t = 3S
As per 1 st law of motion
v = u + at
Here V means velocity of a trolley after 3 s
V = 0 + 0.02 × 3
= 0.06 m/s.
∴ = 0.06 m/s.

Question 19.
A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 4ms-2, what distance will it cover in 10s after start?
Initial velocity of a racing car, u = 0 (at rest)
acceleration, a = 4 m/s2
time t = 10 s
As per second law of motion

Here S means distance travelled by car after 10S

∴ Distance covered by car after 10 S = 200 m.

Question 20.
A stone is thrown in a vertically upward direction with a velocity of 5ms-1 If the acceleration of the stone during its motion is 10ms-2 in the downward direction, what will he the height attain by the stone and how much time will it take to reach there?
The initial velocity of a stone, u = 5 ms-1.
Final velocity of a stone v = 0 (at rest)
If the acceleration of the stone during its motion is = -10ms-2.
Let the maximum height be ‘s’
v = u + at
0 = 5 + (-10)t

time taken by stone = 0.5s
As per 3rd Law of motion
v2 = u2 + 2as
(0)2 = (5)2 + 2(-10)s

The height attained by the store = 1.25 m.

### KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Textbook Exercises

Question 1.
An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diameter 200 m. in the 40s. What will be the distance covered and the displace¬ment at the end of 2 minutes 20s?
Diameter of circular track, d = 200 m.
r = $$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{2}$$ = 100m
Circumference = 2πr = 2p(100) = 200πcm.
in 40s, athlete covers distance 200πm
in 1s, distance covered by athlete = $$\frac{200 \pi}{40}$$ m
Athlete runs for 2 minutes 20s means 140s
∴ Displacement of all athlete is equal to the diameter of circle
= $$\frac{200 \times 22}{40 \times 7}$$ × 140
= 2200 m
∴ Displacement = 200 m.

Question 2.
Joseph jogs from one end A to the other end B of a straight 300 M road in 2 minutes 30 seconds and then turns around and jogs 100 M back to point C in another 1 minute. What are Joseph’s average speeds and velocities in jogging (a) from A to B and (b) from A to C?
a) from A to B distance covered by Joseph = 300 M.
Time taken to cover this distance
= 2 min 30 sec. = 150 seconds

Displacement = Nearest distance between A and B = 300 m.
Time taken = 150s
Average velocity = ygy = 2 m/s.

b) From A to C :

Total distance covered = Distance between A to B + distance between B to C
= 300 + 100 = 400 m.
Total time taken to cover from A to B + Time taken to cover from B to C
= 150 + 60= 210s.

Displacement from A to C
= AC + AB – BC
= 300 – 100
= 200m
Total time taken = Time taken to travel from A to B + Time taken to travel from B to C
= 210 s
∴ Average velocity = $$\frac{200}{210}$$ =0.952 ms-1 .

Question 3.
Abdul, while during to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be 20Kmh-1 on his return trip along the some route, there is less traffic and the average speed is 30 Kmh-1. What is the average speed for Abdul’s trip?
i) Average speed of Abdul’s trip while driving to school = 20 Kmh-1
Average speed = $$\frac{\text { Total distance }}{\text { Total time taken }}$$
Total distance = Distance travelled to reach school = t1
∴ 20 = $$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{t}_{1}}$$
t1 = $$\frac{d}{20}$$ …………… (i)
While returning from school
Total distance = Distance travelled while returning from school = d Now total time taken = t2.

Question 4.
A motorboat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line at a constant rate of 3.0 ms-2 for 8.0 s. How far does the boat travel during this time?
Initial velocity of motor boat, u =0
(at rest) ,
Accieratlon of a motor boat a = 3m/s2
Time taken, t = 85
According to second equation of motion, s
S = 0 +$$\frac{1}{2}$$ × (8)2 = 96m.
∴ Motorboat travels = 96m.

Question 5.
A driver of a car travelling at 52kmh-1 applies the brakes and accelerates uniformly in the opposite direction. The car stops in 5s. Another driver going at 3kmh-1 in another car applies his brakes slowly and stop In 10s. on the same graph paper. Plot the speed versus time graphs for the two cars, which of the two cars travelled farther after the brakes were applied?
initial velocity of A car u1 = 52 kmh-1
= 14.4 m/s.
Time taken to stop car t1 = 5 s.
After 5s car comes to rest Initial velocity of B car, u2 = 3Kmh-1
= 0.833 m/s. = 0.83 m/s.
Time taken to stop car t2 = 10s
After 10s car comes to rest.
Graph:

Area of ∆OPR = Area of ∆OSQ
When compared car A to car B, A car travelled father. After brake it travels 52 Kmh-1

Question 6.
Fig 8.11 shows the distance-time graph of three objects A, B and C. Study the graph and answer the following questions.

a) Which of the three is travelled the fastest?
b) Are all three ever at the same point on the road?
c) How far has C travelled when B passes A?
d) How far has B travelled by the time passes C?

Slope of B object is greater than slopes A and C. This is travelling fastest.

b) All three objects never meet at a point, hence these are not at the same point.

c) There are 7 boxes in X-axis = 4 Km
1 box = $$\frac{4}{7}$$ Km
In the beginning, C object is 4 boxes away from 0
= $$\frac{16}{7}$$ km
Distance to C from origin = Distance of C when it moves from B to A =8 Km

∴ Distance travelled by C when B passes A = 5.714 km.

d) Distance B travelled by the time it passes C = 9 boxes

∴ B has travelled 5.143 k.m. by the time when it passes C.

Question 7.
A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity increases uniformly at the rate of 10ms-1 with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time will it strike the ground?
Distance ball covers, S = 20 m
acceleration, a = 10Kmh-1 = 10 m/s
initial velocity, u = 0 (at rest)
When ball strikes, its final velocity,
According to 3rd law of motion
v2 = u2 + 2as
v2 = 0 + 2(10)(20)
v = 20 m/s.
According to 1 st Law of motion v = u + at
Time taken by ball to strike the ground, t,
20 = 0 + 10 (t)
∴ t = 2s
∴ 2s is required to ball for striking the ground and velocity is 20 m/s

Question 8.
The speed-time graph for a car is shown in figure

a) Find how far does the car travel in the first 4 seconds. Shade the area on the graph that represents the distance travelled by car during the period.
b) Which part of the graph represents uniform motion of the car?
a) Shade lightly in the graph about distance travelled by car in 4s.
b) Shade with red colour about 6 cm to 10 cm. It represents the uniform motion of the car.

Question 9.
State which of the following situations are possible and give an example for each of these;
a) an object with a constant acceleration but with zero velocity.
b) an object moving in a certain direction with an acceleration in the perpendicular direction.
a) This is possible
Eg: when a ball is thrown to a height its velocity is zero.
(For a ball G = 9.8 m/s2)

b) This is possible
Eg: when a car moves in a curved line, its acceleration is perpendicular to the given direction)

Question 10.
An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42250 km. Calculate its speed if it takes 24 hours to revolve around the earth.
Satellite is moving in circular orbit radium of satellite r = 42250 km
time t = 24 Hrs = 3600 × 24 S

∴ Speed of the satellite when it moves in circular orbit = 3.07 kms-1.

Mile calculator. Enter your route details and price per mile, and total up your distance and expenses

### KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8 Additional Questions

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

Question 1.
The two physical quantities required to know final position of an object are _________ and _________
Distance travelled, displacement.

Question 2.
S.I. unit of speed is ________
m/s

Question 3.
Distance travelled by the object in unit time is ________
Speed.

Question 4.
If acceleration is in the direction of velocity it is _________ acceleration.
positive.

Question 5.
When an object moves in a circular path with uniform speed, its motion is called ________
uniform circular motion.

Question 1.
Give an express10n for centripetal force?
$$f=\frac{m v^{2}}{r}$$

Question 2.
What is uniform circular mot10n?
Body moving in a circular path arbitrary any instant along a tangential to the posit10n of the body on the circular path at that instant or time.

Question 3.
A body falls freely. What is constant?
When the body falls freely. It has a constant acceleration.

Question 4.
Define uniform speed.
The speed of an object is said to be uniform speed if it travels equal distances in equal intervals of time.

## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Ex 8.1

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Ex 8.1 are part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths. Here we have given Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Exercise 8.1.

## Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Ex 8.1

Memorizing class 10 maths formulas is highly crucial for students to score better in the board exam as well as entrance exams.

Question 1.
A traffic signal board, indicating ‘SCHOOL AHEAD’, is an equilateral triangle with side ‘a’. Find the area of the signal board, using Heron’s formula. If its perimeter is 180 cm, what will be the area of the signal board ?
Solution:
Let each side of the signal board be ‘a’ unit.

Its’ perimeter,
AB + BC + CA = 180 cm
Area = ?
Perimeter of ∆ABC
a + a + a = 180
∴ 3a = 180
∴ a = $$\frac{180}{3}$$
∴ a = 60 cm
a = b = c = 60 cm
$$s=\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{180}{2}=90$$
Area of ∆ABC A,

Question 2.
The triangular side walls of a flyover have been used for advertisements. The sides of the walls are 122 m, 22 m and 120 m. The advertisements yield an earning of Rs. 5000 per m2 per year. A company hired one of its walls for 3 months. How much rent did it pay?

Solution:
Sides of triangle, a = 122m, b = 22m, c = 120m.

Rent for each year, each sq.m. = Rs. 5,000
Rent for each month, each sq.m. = $$\frac{5000}{12}$$
Rent for each quarterly, each sq.m. = 3 × $$\frac{5000}{12}$$
= Rs. 1250
∴ Rent for 1320 sq.m.= 1250 × 1320 = Rs. 1650000
∴ Amount company has to pay is Rs. 1650000.

Question 3.
There is a slide in a park. One of its side walls has been painted in some colour with a message “KEEP THE PARK GREEN AND CLEAN”. If the sides of the wall are 15m, 11m and 6 m, find,the area painted in colour.

Solution:
Sides, a = 15 m, b = 11 m, c = 6 m.

Question 4.
Find the area of a triangle two sides of which are 18 cm and 10 cm and the perimeter is 42 cm.
Solution:
Three sides of triangle be
Let a = 18 cm, b = 10 cm, c = x cm.
Perimeter = 42 cm.
a + b + c = 42
18 + 10 + x = 42
28 + x = 42
∴ x = 42 – 28
∴ x = 14 cm
∴ c = 14 cm

Question 5.
Sides of a triangle are in the ratio of 12: 17: 25 and its perimeter is 540 cm. Find its area.
Solution:
Let sides of triangle be
a = 12x, b = 17x and c = 25x
∴ Perimeter = 12x + 17x + 25x = 540
54x = 540
∴ x = $$\frac{540}{54}$$
∴ x = 10 cm.
∴ a = 12x = 12 × 10 = 120 cm.
b = 17x = 17 × 10 = 170 cm.
c = 25x = 25 × 10 = 250 cm.

Question 6.
An isosceles triangle has perimeter 30 cm and each of the equal sides is 12 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
Solution:
Let the sides of isosceles triangle be a and b.
∴ a = b = 12 cm.
Let the third side be ‘c’.
∴ Perimeter = a + b + c = 30
= 12 + 12 + c = 30
24 + c = 30
c = 30 – 24
c = 6 cm.

We hope the KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Ex 8.1 help you. If you have any query regarding Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 Heron’s Formula Exercise 8.1, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

## Karnataka Solutions for Class 9 English Chapter 4 Whatever We Do

You can Download Whatever We Do Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Karnataka State Board Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

CBSE Class 9 English Chapter 6 Weathering the Storm In Ersama MCQ Question Answers from Moments Book ·

## Whatever We Do Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

Question 1.
Which dialogue do you think is more politely worded? Discuss with your partner.
We like the dialogue which are in ‘B’ Section. The words are politely used. Right and kind words are used to express. There are no harsh words. We tine humility in speech.

Sub Unit From 1 to 5

Question 1.
The author says, “Let us make them better and better.” What does the word ‘them’ stand for here?
The word ‘them’ refers to our actions and words.

Question 2.
Imagine that a parent of your friend says, “Work only for the result.” How would you respond to this statement?
I would respond to this statement by say ing, “Thank you, sir. Thanks a lot for your kind suggestion.”

Question 3.
3. What are the ways in which we usually thank a person for having helped us?
“I am very grateful to you”, or “You have been of great help, I thank you from the bottom of my heart” are some of the ways in which we usually thank a person for having helped us.

Question 4.
How do you react of others make you wait?
“Oh! It’s OK”. “It’s pleasure waiting for you”.

Question 5.
Why does the author lay emphasis on adding words to our actions and also adding actions to our words?
The author lays emphasis on adding words to our actions and also adding an action to words because we can do better in that way.

Question 6.
What sort of word and what kind of action would make any situation better? .
“I am very sorry, giving you some trouble”, “one minute sir, we will finish in no time”. These words make any situation better. Lending a helping hand to others would also make any situation better.

Sub Unit From 6 to 11

Question 1.
How do you think doctors can improve their image with their language?
If doctors want to improve their 1 image or jobs, they should talk nicely to their parents. They should think that talking nicely and reassuringly is the part, of treatment. A couple of friendly words from the doctor or even a smile can go along way in making the patient feel better.

Question 2.
What difference do you find in the autorickshaw driver’s response? Discuss.
According to the author, we find a difference in the auto-rickshaw drivers’ response, once the author asked a rickshaw, driver, to take him to “City Hospital”. The author did not respond to the author. Simply he downed the metre and started the auto and took the author destination. Here the driver would have been much better if he said.” Yes, Sir, please get in or atleast should have said “Yes” on another occasion he asked another driver to take him to Central Market.” The driver simply responded, “Sorry Sir, it’s time for me to hand over the auto”. Thus we find different responses from autorickshaw drivers. If some autorickshaw drivers say “No”, but it is better if say in a pleasant way.

Question 3.
If we decide to give alms to a beggar, how should we give it?
Giving alms to beggars is an ordinary thing. It can be done in a better way. If we decide to give alms to a beggar, we should give it nicely saying, “Here, take this.”

Question 4.
How would public notices need to be changed according to the author?
According to the author we have members of public notices, instructions, and orders like “No parking”, “no smoking”, “No Admission”, “Visitors cars not Allowed” and soon. But there terms sound rather tough. They should be changed. At least in case of “No Smoking” should be better changed as “Thank you for Not smoking.” As in the case of “No Parking”, why shouldn’t be added a word like “No Parking Please.”

Question 5.
Pick out any public notice. Try to make it read more politely.
We have a number of public notices, instructions and orders like “No Parking”, “No Admission”, “Stop and Proceed”. These notices sound rather touch. If we make them read politely they should be like, “Thank you for Not Parking”, “Thank you for your stopping and proceeding.”

Sub Unit From 12 to 15

Question 1.
What word usually makes our enquiries more polite? Illustrate with one example.
A word of good manner usually makes our inquiries polite. For an illustration, suppose we go to a railway station. There we want to enquire about the arrival timing of Nizamuddin Express. We require the Station Master asking “May I know the arrival time of Nizamuddin Express?” or “May I know, when does Nizamuddin Express arrive, please.

Question 2.
Imagine that you are talking to someone on the phone, how would you start the conversation?
If I am talking to someone on the phone, I would start the conversation asking politely “May I know who is speaking please?”

Question 3.
Read paragraph-14 carefully. Do you agree with the comparison made there? Discuss.
When we speak about saying or doing things better, a question arises about comparison, becuase better usually follows ‘than’. Wise people say that we should compare our selves with our own selves. Here the author says that he should compare his performance of last year and see whether he is doing better or not then.

Question 4.
Why does the author say that there is no formula for the best action or best form of speech?
It may be noted that there is no limit to the improvement we can make in our actions or speech. Nor can we say that a particular action or form of speech is the best. What is best may depend on the occasion and it may be possible to continuously make improvements. So the author says that there is no formula for best action or best form of speech.

Working in pairs/groups attempt the following:

C1. The author gives a number of instances of expressions that sound odd or unpleasant. Find all such expressions from the text and rewrite them in polite form.
The author gives a number of instances of expressions that sound odd or unpleasant.

According to the author in South India, some restaurants are famous for the testy fare they offer. Naturally, they have big rush and it is a problem for the management. In one such restaurant, he saw a board, “Don’t sit for a long time.” This expression sounds odd or unpleasant. This can be rewritten in a polite form as “Please make room for waiting customers” or “Kindly make room for waiting for friends”.

Secondly there are number of notices, instructions and orders, like “No Parking”, “No Smoking”, “No Admission”, “Visitors, cars are not Allowed”. These sound rather rough. They are unpleasant. They can be rewritten in polite manner like “No Parking Please” or Thank you for Not Parking”, Thank you for not Smoking”, “Stop and Proceed” can be rewritten as “Please Stop and Proceed.”

Thirdly people on their phone ask ‘who’s this? This sound odd or unpleasant. This can be asked in a polite form as “May I know who is calling please?”

Fourthly in some restaurants, the waiters usually come and stand near you. They simply Say “Yes Sir” This sounds odd or unpleasant instead of saying so, they may say in a polite way as “May I know Sir, what order can you place please?” Thus the instances of the expressions given by the author can be rewritten in polite manner.

C2. Recall a situation that still makes you feel pleased by the speaker’s words. Why? Discuss.
The words of the speaker are polite and they seem to be the best words. They may be of expressing thanks or telling something is a polite way we are glad to know that one method of improving our communication with other is to put you before ‘I’ as for as possible.

C3. How can we react if someone says “no”. Why? Discuss.
On many occasions, if the respond is ‘No’, it seems to be odd or unpleasant. Suppose if a person responds ‘No’. When we ask him for a tea or coffee or anything. This response ‘No’ is not a good expression. Atleast he should add some words to ‘No’ like ‘Not thanks’.

If some one says ‘No’ we should react saying. “It’s all right”, “Oh! It’s OK”, ‘Thanks for it.”

Vocabulary

VI. Read the following statements and working in pairs/groups, try to guess meanings of the underlined words from the context:

1.  Success is a journey not a destination.
2. Please make room for waiting customers.
3. In posh restaurants, the waiters or stewards do say, “good morning”.
4. On a certain occasion I hailed an autorikshaw.
5.  Some don’t say anything.but try to shun the beggar by their body language.
6.  And finally when the giving becomes inevitable they give grudgingly.

In South India some restaurants are famous for tasty fare they offer.

1. Journey – travel
destination – ultimate purpose or place.
2. make room for – Provide on opportunity
3. Posh – high class Stewards – managers
4. hailed – saluted.
5. Shun – avoid,
6. inevitable – unavoidable grudgingly – unwillingly
7. tasty fare – ರುಚಿಕಟ್ಟಾದ ಆಹಾರ

V2. (i) Match the words in ‘A’ with their meanings in ‘B’.
A                  B
1. erstwhile – former, previous
2. grateful – feeling or showing thanks
3. flattered – to be pleased when someone praises you
4. shun – avoid, reject
5. grudge – resent

ii) Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with appropriate words or word forms from column A.

Question 1.
Aditi …………… having to pay so much tax.
Shuns

Question 2.
Santosh knew Krishna was only ……………… him because he wanted to borrow some money.
flattered

Question3.
Vittal’s ……………….. friends turned against him.
erstwhile

Question4.
Students have to be ………………. to all the teachers for their help.
grateful

Question 5.
Rukmini has ………………. publicity since she retired from the theatre.
Shun.

R1. Read the railway time table given below. Frame as many questions as you can with your partner. Find the answers and discuss.e.g.,

Question 1.
Where does the Howrah Express depart from?
The Howrah Express departs from Yashwantpur Junction.

Question 2.
Does Basava Express arrive in Bagalkot at 12.10 p.m?
Yes. Basava Express arrives in Bagalkot at 12.10 p.m.

Question 3.
Where does Chalukya Express depart from?
The Chalukya Express departs from Yeshwantpur Junction.

Question 4.
Does Chalukya Express arrive in Dadar at 5.00 a.m?
No. It arrives in Dadar at 5.50 a.m.

Question 5.
At what time does Vijaypura Yeshwantpura Express depart from Viajaypura?
It departs from Vijaypur at 4.50 p.m.

Question 6.
Where does Shatabdi Express go?
Shatabdi Express goes to Bengaluru.

S1. Making Suggestions:

 Making suggestions Showing preference 1. Why don’t you read newspapers? Yes, I could do but I rather read story books. 2. Why don’t eat bananas? Yes, I could do, but I’d rather eat apples.

Writing a message

At 1.30 pm, the phone rings…
Rajesh: Hello, May I speak to Shivaraj?
Sania: Ok, May I know who is calling, please? Rajesh: I’m Rajesh, Shivaraj’s friend.
Sania: That’s fine, but he’s gone out.
Rajesh: Could you please inform him to be the football ground by 5 pm?
Sania: Certainly, I will.
“Your friend Rajesh phoned at 1.30 pm. He wants you to be at the football ground at 5 pm.”

The golden eagle

Once a man found an eagle’s egg and placed it under a brooding hen. The eagle hatched with the chickens and grew to be like them. He clucked and cackled: scratched the earth for worms; flapped his wings and managed to fly a few feet in the air. Years passed. One day, the eagle, now grown old, saw a magnificent bird above him in the sky. It glided in graceful majesty against the powerful wind, with scarcely a movement of its golden wings.

Spellbound, the eagle asked “who is that?”

“That’s the king of the birds, the eagle”, said his neighbour. “He belong to the earth – we’re chickens.”

So the eagle lived and died a chicken, for that’s what he thought he was.

Answer the following questions in a sentence or two:

Question 1.
What did the eagle see in the sky?
The eagle saw a magnificent bird above him in the sky.

Question 2.
Why do you think the eagle died a chicken? Discuss.
The eagle hatched with the chickens and grew with them. He clucked and cackled, scratched the earth for worm one day. The eagle saw a magnificent bird, flying, gliding in a graceful manner against the power of wind. When he enquired his neighbour about that bird he was told, that was the king of the birds, eagle. He belonged to the sky, they belonged to the earth – were chickens. The eagle among the chickens accustomed to the environment of the chickens. Though he was eagle, but he had learnt to live as the chickens did. Therefore the eagle lived and died a chicken for that’s what he thought he was.

Question 3.
It is quite natural that if we live in whatever environment, we accustom to that environment. In case of birds and animals it is the some. The chickens fly a little up. They- cluck, and cackle, scratch the earth for worms. This is their environment. They cannot fly above in the air flapping their wings, as the eagle does. On the other hand the eagle does not have the nature of the chickens. The chicken’s environment is limit to them. They cannot cross this limit.

Here the eagle hatched with the chickens accustomed to the chicken’s environment. Then he never became the eagle, though he had the thought that he was the eagle, but the environment made him he was chicken. So there is limitations our thought or the environment that we live in.

Question 4.
How do you see your real self and break the influence of your environment? Share your views.
We should see ourselves as human beings and should live in the environment belongs to us.

A group of good people, having good habits. This is a good environment. We should try to live in such environment. There are different environments. There is a great influence of environment on every man. If the environment of good society, influences us we see ourselves what we are. If the environment of slum area influences us, we see ourselves what we are. In whatever environments we live in, we accustom to it and see then ourselves what we are. It is possible to break out the influence of the environment, but it takes a long time to accustom from one environment to another.

Practice Writing – Group work

Question 2.

Dear Ramu,
I am well here and would like to inform you that I will not be able to attend my classes for a week. There are some important family functions in our home. So I request you to give me your notes next week. Please help me in this regard.

Raju

Question 1.
Author says that we can say, progress is a Journey and not a _______
(a) place
(b) award
(c) destination
(d) success.
(c) destination.

Question 2.
“You have been of great help. I thank you from the bottom of my heart”
(a) Gratitude
(b) ingratitude
(c) Opinion
(d) affection.
(a) Gratitude.

Question 3.
Author says that by adding words to our actions and also adding actions to our words to:
(a) Do better
(b) Help others
(c) Suggest others
(d) Overcome the problems.
(a) Do better.

Question 4.
Doctors treating patients can make their jobs much better if they:
(a) Choose to give an injection to patients
(b) Choose to give only tablets
(d) Choose to talk nicely to their patients.
(d) Choose to talk nicely to their patients.

Question 5.
According to the author, the best and innovative public notice against smoking is :
(a) No smoking
(b) Don’t smoke here
(c) Smoking is prohibited
(d) Thank you for not smoking here
(d) Thank you for not smoking here.

Question 6.
We must constantly be on the lookout __________ better performance. The correct preposition to be filled in the blank is :
(a) to
(b) for
(c) by
(d) on.
(b) for.

Question 1.
Who is the writer of the lesson “whatever we do?
Clifford Martis is the writer of the lesson “whatever we do”.

Question 2.
What is the nice way of saying to the beggars in Mumbai?
In Mumbai, people have a nice of saying, “Maph Karo” It is a nice way of saying, “Sorry, I am not able to give”.

### Whatever We Do Summary in English

The author of the present lesson “Whatever we do” Clifford Martis. According to the author whatever we do, we should try to do it better. They may be our actions, our words. We should put effort to make them better. We must be aware of better performance. Whenever if we want to express our gratitude, we may say ‘Thanks’’. Still there is a better way to express “Thanks a lot”.

After all it depends upon the time and the situation. Depending upon them we can make it better saying “I am very grateful to you” or “You’ve been of great help and so on. Our communication must be improved in better way. If we want to say someone, it is better to say “I thank you from the bottom of heart.”Once the author bit late to meet a senior person in the company. He tried to make amendments. He said “I am sorry, I made you wait. The senior person said its OK”, and added “It’s pleasure waiting for you.” The author felt flattered because those words were said sarcastically.

There is one way that the author says that we can do better to our actions and also adding actions to our words. He wants to tell an incident, while he was going to his Training Centre. He was waiting for the lift. The lift came down and found two persons. They started to remove the pockets which were fully occupying the lift. After they finished the job the author got into the lift and reached to his Training Centre. There in the class, he mentioned the incident and asked the trainers how the situation would have been rendered. Some trainees said that the two gentlemen while removing the pockets could have said “One minute, Sir” we’ll finish in no time. But another trainee said that he (the author) could have thought of landing a helping hand to them.”

According to author it is said that a couple of friendly words from the doctor even a smile can go a long way in making the patient feel better but most of the doctors cannot do so. They seem to be serious in their works. Talking nicely and reassuringly is a part of doctors’ treatment.

On one occasion, the author asked an auto man to take him to City Hospital. The automan simply looked at him and downed the meter. This indicated that he was willing to take him to his destination. The automan atlea§t would have said to author, “Yes Sir, please sit down”. He did not say so on another occasion he said to another automan to take him to the “Central market”.

This automan atleast said “Sorry Sir, it’s time for me to hand over the auto. The author pleased for because the automan atleast used the situation make it better.

In giving aims to a beggars can be done in a better way, while giving alms to a beggar it is better to use some nice words with some feeling, we should say “here take this.” This makes beggar feel happy. Some don’t say anything. If he persists, they shun him by their body language. If we want to give alms, our action should be done gracefully. If a beggar asks alms, at least it is better to say “Sorry, I am not able to give. In some hotels, if they are rush they hang a board on the wall that says, “Don’t sit here for long time.” This is really an odd thing to say so. But it is better way to say. “Please make room for waiting customers.” Still i better way to say is “Kindly make room for waiting friends.” At least we should understand to make the situation better.

Now a days telegrams’ place has been occupied by telephone or internet. According to the author the issue of courtesy has not been solved. On mobile or telephone people ask who’s this?” instead of asking “May I know who is calling please?”

The later one solves the issue of Courtesy. This show the courtesy of the speaker who is called on telephone or mobile. The author still says something more about “Thank you”. In the olden days, the people responded “Don’t mention”, when they were said ‘Thank you”. But later in responding to ‘Thank you”, people started using the phrase. “It’s all right”.

Nowadays the respond is “you are welcome” or simply “welcome” one method, the author suggests here is that our communication with other is to put “you” before T as far as possible. If we wish to thank someone for the nice party, we can say, Your party was enjoyable. I thank you”. Another instance, “your letter made me very happy. I thank you. This means here we should try to put “you” that is another person before ‘J‘. According to the author, there is no limit to the improvement that we can make in our action or speech. There is no formula. What is best may depend

on the occasion and it may be possible to continuously make improvement. The most important thing is that we should be aware of the need and importance of doing and saying things better and better.

## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 5 A Question of Space

Students can Download English Lesson 5 A Question of Space Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Karnataka State Board Solutions help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

The Lost Child MCQ Chapter 1 Class 9 English Moments.

## Karnataka State Board Class 9 English Prose Chapter 5 A Question of Space

### A Question of Space Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes

Warm-Up Activity:

Work with your partner. The following ‘Word Search Puzzle’ has the names of different professions. Find them out. One (photographer) has been done for you.

Comprehension:

C1. Read the lesson silently. The sequence of events in the lesson has been given below in a jumbled order. Rearrange them and write.

1. Anuj had started journalism on his own and took up photography later.
3. He felt that he needed time to pursue his own interests and pleasures, especially after he met Anuj.
4. The conflict had acquired a distinct edge ever since he had met Anuj.
5. “If you still have not found out, when do you intend to enroll?”
6. Anuj had turned into a friend very quickly, a much older friend.
7. “It seems to me that the pressure is worse for children of doctors

1. The conflict had acquired a distinct edge ever since he had met Anuj.
2. Anuj had turned into a friend very quickly, a much older friend.
4. Anuj had started journalism on his own and took up photography later.
5. “It seems to me that the pressure is worse for children of doctors”.
7. “If you still have not found out, when do you intend to enroll?”
8. He felt that he needed time to pursue his own interests and pleasures, especially after he met Anuj.

C2. The extract given in the second column tells us about the persons mentioned in the first column. Write your response in the third column.

 Person Extract from the story What this tells us about them. Vikrant I am already full up with tuitions. He is finding it difficult to cope with the pressure of his studies. Vikrant’s father It would be better if you turned your attention to investigating a coaching center rather than spend time with junkies and irrelevant things. Vikrant’s mother Mother was harping on the importance of the year for getting a good grip on science and maths Anuj If you want to get control over a situation, you could start by observing your body’s reaction.

 Person Extract from the story What this tells us about them. Vikrant I am already full up with tuitions He is finding it difficult to cope with the pressure of his studies. Vikrant’s father It would be better if you turned your attention to investigating a coaching center rather than spend time with junkies and irrelevant things. Vikrant’s father is annoyed with him because Vikrant is hanging around with Anuj and is showing more interest in photography. Vikrant’s father feels that this is the outcome of Vikrant’s association with Anuj and he refers contemptuously to Anuj as a junkie who distracts Vikrant with irrelevant things.
 Vikrant’s mother Mother was harping on the importance of the year for getting a good grip on science and maths The word ‘harping’ shows that the mother had the habit of nagging. She does not understand the passion of her son for photography. Instead of encouraging him in the area of his interest, she wants him to pursue what she and her husband are interested in. Just because they are doctors, she wants their son also to become a doctor. Anuj If you want to get control over a situation, you could start by observing your body’s reaction. Anuj wants to help Vikrant. He knows that Vikrant is in a difficult situation as his and his parents’ interests are at loggerheads. Anuj knows that it is pointless to confront people and that confrontation only leads to unpleasantness. He knows that. it is reconciliation that would be beneficial. That is why he wants Vikrant to keep his emotions under control. Anuj knows that Vikrant would have great self­control if he studied his own feelings and his body’s response to the same.

C3. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each:

Question 1.
Vikrant’s mother was harping on the importance of the year. Why was she anxious about Vikrant?
Vikrant’s mother was talking about class XI as a good foundation for class XII. She knew that class XII would be a decisive year as it would show whether Vikrant had the scope to get admitted in a good institution for medical studies. Vikrant’s mother was anxious that Vikrant should ready himself to cope with the intensely competitive environment that had to be scaled for getting admission to a prestigious medical college. She showed her concern to mould the career of her son.

Question 2.
Anuj had spun into Vikrant’s life like a ‘new universe’. Why did Vikrant feel so? Who was Anuj?
Anuj was a newfound friend of Vikrant. Though much older, he could understand Vikrant’s problems and be of help, Anuj was not just a person with dynamic ideas on photography; he could also throw light on the connectedness between human beings and all other living species. He gave new ideas to Vikrant for self-analysis – particularly the body language of the self and how to control expressions and feelings.

Question 3.
‘The identity ofVikrantzvithAmij created tension between Vikrant and his parents’. How did it happen?
As an only child, Vikrant was the apple of his parents’ eye and they had all their hopes pinned on him. Being doctors, they hoped that Vikrant too would become a doctor. When Vikrant’s class grades dropped and he began skipping group tuitions and even extra school classes designed for the weekends, naturally his parents were upset. Tension grew between Vikrant and his parents over his identity with Anuj because they thought that it was Anuj’s bad influence that made Vikrant neglect his studies.

Question 4.
Vikrant said, “Medicine is considered …………… gives prestige”. Is this thought prejudicial? Do you agree with this opinion?
Medicine is considered the noblest of all professions because it is in this profession that human beings save the life of other human beings. In other words, they are godly in their role as healers. Since it is considered a noble profession, it is considered prestigious also. There is nothing wrong in this line of thought. However, there are two points that go contrary to the idea. The first one is that not all doctors are noble. There are quite a few doctors who have refrained from saving lives just because their demands are not met. Secondly, it is not true that the other professions are not noble. Each profession has its own importance.

Question 5.
What was the reply of Anuj when Vikrant asked him how his suggestions would help him?
When Vikrant asked Anuj how his suggestions would help him, Anuj replied that it would help him to witness his reactions as if they were happening to someone else. While observing his body and its reactions, he also had to distance himself from them. This distance would help him to observe his reactions and also control them by growing aware of them. This whole process can be termed as responding and not reacting to a situation. When you respond in a calculative manner without reacting instantaneously, you are being proactive and not reactive. This would be beneficial for all.

Question 6.
When did Vikrant start his self-observation? What did he observe? (Refer paras 23-25)
Vikrant started his self-observation when he was in a conversation with his father. Once when Vikrant was having a talk with his father, he noticed that his mouth was dry, his head tight at the temples and his body slightly hunched. Vikrant noticed that his father’s last remark sent a strong wave of heat through his otherwise weary body, galvanizing him to leave the room without another word.

Question 7.
How did Vikrant’s father try to convince him to join tuitions for medical entrance?
According to Vikrant’s father, tuitions for medical entrance were not just tuition. They coached him for a career, for a highly competitive exam. One wrong answer could make all the difference. It would be better if he turned his attention to investigating a coaching centre, rather than spend time with junkies and irrelevant things.

Question 8.
What are the last two steps of self-observation suggested by Anuj to Vikrant?
Anuj suggested two last steps of self-observation to Vikrant. In the first one, the moment an active feeling comes, if it should be controlled, Vikrant should make a note of it without expressing it. In the second one, the person should express an emotion opposite to what one actually feels. If one is agitated, the minute one observes that the body language exhibits the agitation, one should consciously choose to express calm or warmth instead of coldness. In fact, the method of observing our own body language ensures that we don’t react immediately, but take time to respond maturely.

Question 9.
‘He did this with an awareness that it was the right thing for him to do.’ What does ‘awareness’ refer to here?
‘Awareness’ refers to understanding. Vikrant who had all along resisted his parents’ desire that he enrol in a coaching class as a preparation for medicine, had the awareness that just as they had encouraged him in his interest, he should abide by their interest. So, Vikrant enrolled for classes at a coaching center for a medical entrance test. This he did with awareness about his future career. He was capable of deciding for himself. He could analyze his interests and come to a conclusion about what he had to do for his prosperity.

Question 10.
The word ‘Space’ in the title of the lesson has a significant reference. Comment on the title.
Space in the title of this lesson has a significant role to play. It does not refer to physical space. It is a metaphoric reference to individual choice and freedom. It refers to that room or opportunity for one’s own interests. Generally, the interests and ideas of parents, friends and society are imposed on the children who are in the growing stage.

C4. Read the following extracts from the lesson carefully and explain each of them with reference to the context:

Question 1.
“Hey! What’s up? You look grim”.
This sentence is taken from the lesson ‘A Question of Space’ by Neera Kashyap. The sentence is uttered by Anuj near the jogging track. Anuj puts this question to Vikrant as he looks quite dull and depressed, after being rebuked by his parents about his decreasing academic performance. Vikrant is like a bird in the cage which wishes to be free in the blue sky. But he feels trapped. Seeing his condition, Anuj asks the question above.

Question 2.
“But tell me, how do you react to pressure?”
This sentence is an extract from the lesson ‘A Question of Space’ by Neera Kashyap. When Vikrant asks Anuj if his parents put pressure on him to become a photojournalist, Anuj answers in the negative. Vikrant feels that the pressure is worse for the children of doctors because medicine is considered the noblest among all professions and therefore gets prestige. So he asks Anuj how he reacts to such pressure.

Question 3.
“Sure. . . Why not? Actually, our range of expression is quite limited”.
This sentence is selected from the lesson ‘A Question of Space’ by Neera Kashyap. This is said by Anuj to Vikrant. When Vikrant wants to clarify whether it is necessary to observe the body when one feels happy or excited or adventurous, and not necessarily only when one is under pressure, Anuj replies thus. Anuj continues that when one gets his full range of emotions, he will become aware of all his habitual expressions.

Question 4.
“If you still have not found out, when do you intend to enroll?”
The sentence above is chosen from the lesson ‘A Question of Space’ by Neera Kashyap. When Vikrant’s father asks whether he has found out which is the most suitable coaching centre for his medical entrance test, Vikrant replies in the negative. At that point, Vikrant’s father reacts in this manner.
The reaction shows his annoyance with Vikrant.

Question 5.
“You cannot really change anything till things are ready for change”.
This sentence is taken from the lesson ‘A Question of Space’ by Neera Kashyap. These are the wise words of advice of Anuj to Vikrant. Anuj notices one evening that Vikrant has a sense of discouragement because he is not able to make his parents see his viewpoint. So Anuj advises him not to be unduly perturbed over things which are beyond his area of control. Anuj wants Vikrant to take things as they come without losing his composure. However, Vikrant, who does not have the maturity of Anuj, is not able to understand the import of the words of Anuj.

Question 1.
Compare and contrast the characters – Vikrant and Anuj. Who would you like to be – Vikrant or Anuj? Justify your answer.
Vikrant and Anuj build a rapport despite the difference in age. The only similarity between them is that both of them are from reputed families. Vikrant is a student of class XI whereas Anuj is a grown-up person, working as a photojournalist. Anuj acts as the confidante of Vikrant when Vikrant is getting worried and depressed over his parents’ pressure all the time to study more for the Class XII examination and medical entrance examination.

When Vikrant is in this state of being pressurised by his parents, he comes to know that Anuj has chosen to study photography as per his liking. He is even more surprised to know that Anuj’s parents have no objection to his pursuing his interests. It is at this point that Anuj helps Vikrant to analyze his own feelings and expressions to handle the pressure. Vikrant gets influenced by Anuj’s guidance and experience.

Thus we see that of the two, Anuj is more mature and is in a position to guide Vikrant. His advice to Vikrant on controlling his emotions shows that he is mature in his outlook and attitude. Hence it would be the desire of everyone to be like Anuj.

Question 2.
After Vikrant follows Anuj’s advice, we observe a change in his attitude and behaviour. Trace the chain of these changes.
Once Vikrant develops a friendship with Anuj, he confides in him about the pressure from his parents. Vikrant
also tells Anuj about being disturbed by this. At that juncture, Anuj advises Vikrant on self-observation. He tells Vikrant to start observing his body whenever he feels a strong emotion. As per the advice of Anuj, Vikrant starts noticing his own body’s behavioural changes. After this self-observation, Vikrant realises that conflicts are not getting him anywhere. He also realises that he is not totally averse to the idea of studying medicine.

It is only that he does not want to be bulldozed into working three shifts a day, six days a week. He needs time to pursue his own interests and pleasures. After this stage, Vikrant tries to practise emotions which he has not experienced, yet is able to simulate. At first these are positive emotions of joy, spontaneity and excitement. When he feels more neutral, he practises a wider range. His experiments with self-observation help him see a whole range of his body reactions and the effects that different emotions have on the body and how the mind gets involved with these.

Question 3.
What is the role played by Anuj in this lesson? What message does the author convey to the reader through his character?
Anuj is a true friend who helps Vikrant in need. We see that though Anuj has nothing to gain, he spends a lot of time to advise Vikrant and to solve his problems. After meeting Anuj, Vikrant feels he needs time to pursue his own interests and pleasures. We see that Anuj plays the role of a counselor guiding Vikrant. It is appreciable that he does not speak a single word against Vikrant’s parents.

The only piece of advice he gives Vikrant is to be aware of his emotions and to control them. He also speaks to him on various issues like his hobby of photography and self-observation. He also advises Vikrant not to worry too much about the change as no one can really change anything till things are ready for change. Thus, the author says that a positive approach to things or events can alter situations. Self-observation helps one to control one’s own feelings and expressions.

Question 4.
Assume yourself to be Vikrant. Write a letter to a friend discussing the ways in which you transformed yourself.
Hi Susheel,

How have you been? I’m sure that you are surprised by this unexpected letter from me. I know that ours is the age of WhatsApp. But I have decided to take recourse to the older method of snail-mail because I want to share with you something dear to my heart.

I remember telling you a couple of months ago that I was upset with my parents for pressurizing me over my preparation for class XI exam and enrolment in a coaching center as preparation for the medical course. I was under a lot of stress because I felt my parents did not understand me and were forcing me to do, without giving me space, what I didn’t want to do. I didn’t like the idea of decisions about my future being unilaterally made by others. But there was a change in my viewpoint because of the timely intervention of one of my friends called Anuj.

Anuj is a photo-journalist and his unique ideas on a wide range of topics drew me to him. Though my parents didn’t like the idea of my spending a lot of time with him, it is because of him that my problems with my parents got resolved.

When Anuj realized that I was getting agitated over the conditions put by my parents over me, he taught me the technique of self-observation to control my emotions. He told me that it was important to note how our body reacts to emotions, both positive and negative, for self-awareness. Once we are aware of our physical behavior, we can control our mental thoughts.

This is possible because of the stage of distancing that takes place. When we start observing our physical responses, we distance ourselves from them. When we distance ourselves from our own behavior, we are more objective about ourselves and are able to control our thoughts. Moreover, when we control our negative physical behavior, we don’t displease people with whom we interact. But most importantly, we also realize that we ourselves could be in the wrong.

The same thing happened to me also. To begin with, when my mother made derogatory references to Anuj and my hanging out with him, as usual, I was angry. But once I started observing my physical reaction, I was able to control my agitation, retain my poise and speak calmly about what my association with Anuj meant to me. With this assertive but not arrogant behavior, I could convince my parents that they had to allow me to accommodate my interests even as I tried to do justice to my academic performance.

When my parents exhibited the spirit of accommodation, I too felt that their insistence on my pursuance of medical degree was not at all a bad idea. Thus, there was reconciliation between my parents and me and I can now say, ‘All is well that ends well.’ But all this was possible because of a level-headed, intelligent and empathetic person – Anuj.

When you come down next, let’s make it a point to meet him. I’m sure you will immensely enjoy his company. Do let me know when you plan to come down.

Warm regards
Vikrant

Question 5.
Do you have a dream/or a desire to do something? If yes, say how you would like to realize the same, in 10-15 sentences.
Yes, like everyone else, I too have a dream. In fact, I have many dreams. But the most overpowering of them all is to be a winner in one of the reality shows. But alas! I am not especially gifted in any particular field of activity. I am neither a singer nor a dancer. It is true that I croon occasionally and tap my feet rhythmically. But it will not suffice to win an award. I cannot draw even straight lines; neither can I speak effectively.

Yet I want to be a winner. So I hope there will be a reality show for ordinary people like me, good at nothing; yet having the dream of winning. I hope to be a contestant in a reality show in which you get eliminated one by one because of your talent and the one with no talent at all wins. If there is a reality show of this kind, I will surely win and that is my dream!

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
Vikrant found himself completely out of breath
A) because he had jogged for 3.2 km
B) he had been thinking of his exams
C) his father had scolded him
D) his mother did not want him to go out.
A) because he had jogged for 3.2 kms

Question 2.
Vikrant’s parents were
A) not interested in his studies
B) pressurising him to gear up for the medical entrance exams
C) forcing him to become a journalist
D) forcing him to become a photographer.
B) pressurising him to gear up for the medical entrance exams

Question 3.
A) he was studying hard
B) he developed new interests
C) he went astray
D) he was not interested in studies.
B) he developed new interests

Question 4.
Doctors want their children to become doctors because
A) it is easy to study medicine
B) the profession brings a lot of money
C) medicine is the noblest profession
D) it is easy to deal with patients.
C) medicine is the noblest profession

Question 5.
Anuj wanted Vikrant to notice
A) his reactions as if they were happening to someone else
B) Anuj’s behaviour
C) the reactions of his parents
D) how his friends react in different circumstances.
A) his reactions as if they were happening to someone else

Question 6.
A) study hard
B) look for good coaching centres
C) practise expressions when there are no feelings
D) express what he feels
C) practise expressions when there are no feelings

Question 7.
The last step suggested by Anuj to Vikrant was
A) to say no to his parents
B) to walk away
C) to express an emotion opposite to what he felt
D) to express an emotion as he felt it.
C) to express an emotion opposite to what he felt

Question 8.
Finally, at the end of Class XI, Vikrant
B) decided to stop studying
C) joined a coaching centre for medical entrance
D) decided to study engineering.
C) joined a coaching centre for medical entrance

Question 9.
Anuj had turned into a photo-journalist because
A) his parents had pressurized him into it
B) this profession earned him a lot of money
C) he had a passion for it
D) he was not good at anything else.
C) he had a passion for it

Question 10.
Anuj became a very good friend of Vikrant because
A) he was older
B) he also exercised with him
C) his dynamic ideas on photography and interest in self-improvement attracted Vikrant
D) he was very rich.
C) his dynamic ideas on photography and interest in self-improvement attracted Vikrant

Question 11.
Tension grew between Vikrant and his parents because
A) Vikrant spent more time with Anuj
B) Vikrant’s interest in photography increased but his grades started dropping
C) Vikrant didn’t talk to them
D) Vikrant refused to study.
B) Vikrant’s interest in photography increased but his grades started dropping

Question 12.
It is good to practice expressions when there are no feelings to be expressed because
A) it helps you to cheat others
B) one can experience the effect that different emotions have on the body
C) you can make others happy
D) one can become a good actor
B) one can experience the effect that different emotions have on the body

Question 13.
Vikrant felt he could work hard towards a career if
A) he attended coaching classes soon after class XI
B) his parents let him pursue his new interests
C) he did not bother about coaching class and pursued only his interests
B) his parents let him pursue his new interests

LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES:

A. VOCABULARY:

V1. Emotions

The nouns such as pleasure, spontaneity, excitement, etc., are used to express actions, emotions or feelings and the quality of actions. Pick out such words from the lesson which express emotions and put them under the following Columns.

 Pleasant Unpleasant e.g. glee e.g. dejection

 Pleasant Unpleasant happy anxious excited ‘ suspicion adventurous dismay joy hostility spontaneity scorn warmth discouragement calm coldness satisfaction agitated glee hopeless pleasure tension excitement pressure worry dejection confrontation

V2. Match the words in column ‘A’ with the corresponding meanings given in column ‘B’. You can use a dictionary to verify your answers.

 A B 1) Stevedore a) one who studies rocks and soils 2) Chauffeur b) one who loads and unloads ships 3) Geologist c) one zoho drives a car for someone else 4) Juggler d) one who is in charge of a museum 5) Anthropologist e) one who performs tricks with the hands to amuse others 6) Auditor f) one who studies human development 7) Curator g) one who examines the financial records of a company.

1. b
2. c
3. a
4. e
5. f
6. g
7. d

V3. Phrasal Verbs:

A) Complete the following sentences with a phrasal verb that includes one of the particles and one of the verbs given below.
Particles: down, in, out, up
Verbs: turn, come, slow, let, go, drop, grow, warm, plug, pull.
Eg. a) Please _______ for a cup of coffee whenever you are passing by.
drop, in

b) Would you ______ the television _______ , please. It’s very loud.
turn, down

1. The dentist says John will have to ______ two teeth ______.
2. Videos are cheaper now. Prices have actually ______ ______ since the 1980’s.
3. He could play the guitar when he was six. I think he’s going to be a great musician when he _____ _____.
4. ___ ____! You are driving much too fast!
5. Smoking is not allowed in here. Please _____ _____ that cigarette.
6. You must be very cold. Sit by the fire and _____ _____
7. There’s someone at the door. Can you _____ them ______ please?
8. Look, there’s the plug on the floor. You haven’t _____ the television ______.

1. pluck; out
2. come down
3. grows up
4. Slow down
5. put; out
6. warm-up
7. let; in
8. plugged; in

B) Find the meanings of the following phrasal verbs and use them in sentences of your own:

Come across, get on, take part, getaway, get through, keep out, think over, take down, look into.

1. Come across: find by chance
Ramesh came across his old classmate at the bus stop.
2. Get on: be friendly
Indians get on very well with total strangers.
3. Take part: participate
Students should have the interest to take part in extra-curricular activities.
4. Getaway: manage to escape
Nobody can get away with wrongdoing.
5. Get through: pass
It is very difficult to get through the CA examination.
6. Keep out: stay away
Tell the children to keep out of mischief!
7. Think over: consider, judge, weigh the pros and cons
You should think over the prospects of starting a new business venture in Mangalore.
8. Takedown: write
The boss was so fast that the stenographer could not take down all the points.
9. Look into: investigate
Only after the women’s organizations condemned the incident, the Minister ordered the police to look into the case.

C) Match the meanings of the phrasal verbs in column A with their meanings in column B.

B. GRAMMAR AND USAGE:

COMPARISON

G1. Comment on the information using a comparative and superlative adjective.

1. Venus has a diameter of 12,104 kilometers. It isn’t as big as the Earth, which has a diameter of 12,756 kilometers. The earth is ………………. bigger than Venus.
2. The Mona Lisa is worth many millions of dollars. No other picture in the world is so valuable. The Mona Lisa is ……………. the most valuable picture in the world.
3. Telecom Tower is 180 meters tall, but Canada Tower in East London is 250 metres tall. The Canada Tower is …………… taller than the Telecom Tower.
4. Cambridge University dates from 1284, but it is not as old as Oxford University, which dates from 1167. Oxford University is …………………. older than Cambridge University.
5. Toby, who lived in New York, was a much-loved dog. When his owner died, she left \$ 75 million, which made him a world record
breaker among wealthy dogs. Toby was ………………… the wealthiest dog in the world when his owner died.

G2. A)The chart below shows the information on the expenses incurred in conducting the Annual Sports Meet in a school. Study the chart carefully.

The total cost estimated for the Annual Meet is Rs. 90,500.

1. No. of events : 70 (50 Track and Field events and
20 Throws and Jumps)
2. No. of athletes : 750 (450 Girls + 300 Boys)
3. Staff on duty : Teachers – 65 (25 men + 40 women),
Support Staff 20 (10 men + 10 women), Staff on Parking and Security duty 15 ‘ (10 men + 5 women)
4. Medals: 70 Gold, 70 Silver, 70 Bronze
5. Best Athlete Trophies : Boys 3, Girls 3
6. Best House Trophies : 4 (1 for each category and 1 overall)

Assume you are the Sports Secretary in charge of the School Annual Sports Meet. Taking information from the chart, prepare an oral presentation for the Management Committee of the school. Use as many expressions of comparison as you can.
The Annual Sports Day of KVG School was carried out with pomp and glory. The expenses show that the least amount was spent on invitations, souvenir, and certificates as it came up to only 5% of the total expenditure. The biggest amount coming up to 30% was spent on the cultural programme. The amount spent on mementos and trophies at 15% was more than the amount spent on the tent, chairs, and decoration which was at 10%. The expenditure on refreshments was as much as that of mementos and trophies but was less than that of sports equipment, the expense of which stood at 25%.

There were 70 events on the whole, and the track events were more than the field events. Among the athletes, girls numbering up to 450 were more than boys who were only 300. Even among the staff on duty, there were more women than men, the ratio being 40:25. However, the support staff who were 20, had 10 men and 10 women. Gold, Silver and Bronze medals, 70 each, were bagged by the 750 athletes. Three boys and three girls were awarded the Best Athlete Trophies. Four Best House Trophies, one in each category, and one Overall Trophy were also presented.

B) Read the following article in which the writer compares the treatment of boys and girls.

Complete the article by filling in the spaces with appropriate words from the box given below.

For many parents, especially those who are poor and illiterate, a girl is a ‘lesser child’. Doesn’t it make you mad to know that girls aren’t given an equal chance to be born? Though female infanticide was banned by law over a century ago, thousands of . girls are killed before they are born or when they are babies.

Even the girls who are allowed to survive live with less of everything …………… girls are sent to school ………….. boys. They get ……………. medical care, so …………. girls die. Boys get …………… nutritious food and also …………… time to play …………….. jobs are open to girls, and even if they are employed, they are not paid as ……………. as boys. Most of all, they get ……………. respect. They are not given as ……………… opportunities as the boys to speak out on
matters that concern them. And yet, a girl usually does twice as ………….. work ……………. a boy, not only in the house but also in the fields.

This discrimination and bias must end, and end now! Can we count on your support?
For many parents, especially those who are poor and illiterate, a girl is a ‘lesser child’. Doesn’t it make you mad to know that girls aren’t given an equal chance to be bom? Though female infanticide was banned by law over a century ago, thousands of girls are killed before they are bom or when they are babies.

Even the girls who are allowed to survive live with less of everything. Fewer girls are sent to school than boys. They get less medical care, so many girls die. Boys get much nutritious food and also much time to play. Few jobs are open to girls, and even if they are employed, they are not paid as much as boys. Most of all, they get less respect. They are not given as many opportunities as the boys to speak out on matters that concern them. And yet, a girl usually does twice as much work as a boy, not only in the house but also in the fields.
This discrimination and bias must end, and end now! Can we count on your support?

C) Read the information and complete the sentences using more, most, less, least, fewer, or fewest.

1. There isn’t as much crime in the country areas as there is in cities. There’s ………….. than in the cities.
There’s less crime in the country areas than in the cities.
2. No other state of the U.S. has as much rain as Louisiana. Louisiana …………. rain.
Louisiana in the U.S. has the most rain.
3. The Green Party candidate didn’t get many votes. All the other candidates got more. The Green Party candidate ………….. votes.
The Green Party candidate got the least votes.
4. There are lots of passengers on the buses in the daytime, but not so many in the evenings. In the evenings ………….. on the buses.
In the evenings there are lesser passengers on the buses.
5. At the moment Arsenal has 42 points. No other club has more than 37. Arsenal points.
Arsenal has the most points.
6. Seiko has made very little profit. In fact it has made less than any other supermarket. Seiko …………. profit.
Sellco has made the least profit.
7. The accident rate among young drivers is higher than among older drivers. Young drivers …………… than older drivers.
Young drivers have more accident rate than older drivers.

D) Complete the conversation. Put in less, least, more, most, or as.

• Lobo: I’m going to Delhi next week, so I’ll have to book my flight.
I think it’ll be more convenient to go by air than by train.
• Peter: I’d go by train. Trains are comfortable than planes.
• Lobo: But the train fare is really expensive. The plane isn’t …………… expensive as the train, which always surprises me.
• Peter: I hate flying. It’s my …………… favourite means of transport.
• Lobo: Well, I don’t mind it. And I’m not keen on trains as you are. A short flight is …………….. boring than a long train journey, I find.
• Peter: I’d rather drive than fly.
• Lobo: I’m definitely not driving. No, thank you. Driving all the way would be the …………… stressful way of getting there.
• Peter: I don’t think driving is ……………. stressful as flying.
• Lobo: Well, it is to me.
• Peter: And will you be able to get a flight at the right time? Planes are …………… frequent than trains, aren’t they?
• Lobo: Oh, there are plenty of flights. There’s one at ten in the morning. That’ll be the …………….. convenient.

• Lobo: I’m going to Delhi next week, so I’ll have to book my flight. I think it’ll be more convenient to go by air than by train.
• Peter: I’d go by train. Trains are more comfortable than planes.
• Lobo: But the train fare is really expensive. The plane isn’t as expensive as the train, which always surprises me.
• Peter: I hate flying. It’s my least favorite means of transport.
• Lobo: Well, I don’t mind it. And I’m not as keen on trains as you are. A short flight is less boring than a long train journey, I find.
• Peter: I’d rather drive than fly.
• Lobo: I’m definitely not driving. No, thank you. Driving all the way would be the most stressful way of getting there.
• Peter: I don’t think driving is as stressful as flying.
• Lobo: Well, it is to me.
• Peter: And will you be able to get a flight at the right time? Planes are less frequent than trains, aren’t they?
• Lobo: Oh, there are plenty of flights. There’s one at ten in the morning. That’ll be the most convenient.

E) Rewrite the sentences using ‘the ……………..the ……………’:

1. How well I sleep depends on how late I go to bed.
The later I go to bed, the better I sleep.
2. I don’t spend much time with my family because I work so hard.
The harder I work, the less time I spend with my family.
3. The traffic moves very slowly as more cars come into the city.
The more cars that come into the city, the slower is the traffic.
4. How much you sweat depends on how hot you feel.
The hotter you feel, the more you sweat.
5. The idea becomes less attractive as I think about it more.
The more I think about it, the less attractive the idea becomes.
6. How much petrol a car uses depends on the size of the engine.
The bigger the size of the engine, the more petrol a car uses.

F) Superlatives:

Which of the following do you like the best? Write one or two sentences comparing your choices.

1. Fresh fruit juice, Coca-cola, Maaza.
I like fresh fruit juice the best because it is the healthiest.
2. Disco dance, Indian classic, Pop dance.
I like Indian classic dance the most because it is the most spiritual.
3. Dance, singing, drama.
I like dance the best because it is the most spontaneous.
4. Fruit, chocolates, ice creams.
I like chocolates the least because they are the least healthy.

G) Error correction
Each sentence below contains an error. Identify and correct the error and rewrite the sentence correctly:

1. The faster land animal in the world is a cheetah.
The fastest land animal in the world is a cheetah.
2. His grade is the same as mine.
3. Sarla is slightly taller to Suman.
Sarla is slightly taller than Suman.
4. Our house is bigger as than yours.
Our house is bigger than yours.
5. The Vidhana Soudha is most prominent building in Bengaluru.
The Vidhana Soudha is the most prominent building in Bengaluru.

Speaking: Group Activity

S2. Conversation

B) Pair work. Prepare a dialogue that seeks and gives information about any other country.

• Manju: Hi Mrinal, I’m planning to visit Germany. Could you please give me a few tips about the places worth visiting? I remember that you went to Germany last year.
• Mrinal: Yes, I did. I visited my niece whose husband is working for Robert Bosch in Germany. I had a lovely time there. Germany is a Western European country with a landscape of forests, rivers, mountain ranges and North Sea beaches. So there are many tourist spots of natural beauty.
• Manju: What about historically important places?
• Mrinal: It has over 2 millennia of history. Berlin, its capital, is home to art, the Brandenburg Gate and many sites relating to WWII.
• Manju: Which is the place that I must visit without fail?
• Mrinal: Frankfurt. Frankfurt, with its skyscrapers, houses the European Central Bank. Frankfurt is a central German city on the River Maine, and it is a major financial hub that’s home to the European Central Bank. It’s the birthplace of famed writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, whose former home is now the Goethe House Museum. Like much of the city, it was damaged during World War II and later rebuilt. The reconstructed Altstadt (Old Town) is the site of Romerberg, a square that hosts an annual Christmas market.
• Manju : Thank you for the information. What was the amount you spent on the entire tour?
• Mrinal: In Germany it is Euro and each Euro is nearly Rs. 70, Rs.68.60 to be exact. I spent only on my travel which was within Rs. 1,00,000. Since my niece took care of my stay and outing, I didn’t have to spend on anything else.
• Manju : Oh, ok… Let me see how much to keep aside. Thanks again.
or whatever is written with it. This aspect gives the message that the more good we become, the more good others feel about us. The pains and sufferings in our life make us better and wise human beings.

A Question of Space by Neera Kashyap About The Author:

Neera Kashyap started her working career as a journalist with the Hindustan Times and went on to specialize in environment and health journalism as senior researcher and editor with Centre for Science & Environment and Voluntary Health Association of India respectively. Later she specialized in social and health communications chiefly in the fields of HIV/ AIDS, reproductive health and poverty.

Tapping her literary bent, she has published a book of stories for children (Daring to Dream) and anthologies of prize-winning stories for Children’s Book Trust. These stories reflect both the stresses facing children as well as magic realism, tapping deeper layers of the sub-conscious. She currently focuses on interpreting subtle meanings in Hindu and Buddhist scriptures and literatures for modem readers.

### A Question of Space Summary in English

The lesson ‘A Question of Space’ written by Neera Kashyap discusses a burning contemporary issue. The author takes up the problem of parental pressure on children and shows how parents go by what they consider right for their children. It is alright if parents are concerned about their children and have a say in their future. But it is not right if they do so without lending a patient hearing to what the children have to say. Also, very often, parents go by popularly held ideas about education and careers. They are not concerned about the likes and dislikes of their children. This leads to a lot of friction between parents and their children.

The children also have no control over their emotions. They feel that their parents unnecessarily interfere in their life. They don’t understand that it is natural for parents to be concerned about their children. It is as if there is no solution for this problem because each seems to be right. However, the lesson shows that all is not lost and the children can make their parents understand their viewpoint if only they behave wisely and with thoughtfulness. The present lesson demonstrates how self- observation leads to self-improvement and change in attitudes. It is also a psychology-based lesson, which suggests to us how to control our emotions.

Vikrant is an only child of a successful doctor couple, who want him to become a doctor too. Vikrant is a student of XI standard and his day is filled with more and more studies. His parents constantly force him to study hard in order to get admission to a prestigious medical college.

It is at this juncture in his life that Vikrant meets Anuj, a photojournalist. Vikrant meets him on the jogging tracks and while conversing with him Vikrant asks him if he has been forced by his parents into this profession. Anuj replies that he has taken it up out of his own choice. However, Anuj realizes that there is something amiss in the life of Vikrant, and asks Vikrant if he is pressurized by his parents and how he reacts to the pressure. Vikrant replies that he argues with his parents and even walks out in anger.

Anuj advises him to keep observing how his body reacts when he is upset. Vikrant follows the advice of Anuj and . notices that whenever he gets upset, his body starts clenching, mouth gets dry and his head grows tight at the temples. Vikrant confides that he has felt it when his parents put pressure on him to join tuitions for medical entrance. Unable to bear the pressure everytime his parents make such references, he walks out on them.
The next day Vikrant tells Anuj that observing his body reactions and emotions was not helping him to solve his problem.

Then Anuj gives him the most important advice. He asks him to express an emotion opposite to what he feels. He adds that if he is agitated, he should express his anxiety as calmly as possible. Vikrant tries Anuj’s advice and finds that he is able to bear the pressure much better and also notices that his parents are also willing to listen to his point of view and are agreeable to support him. Surprisingly, Vikrant also realises that he too is prepared to consider his parents’ proposition. Thus, a hopeless situation turns into a win-win situation.

Thus, Vikrant controls his emotions and moods with the help of self-observation. He, at the end of class XI, enrols for coaching classes for medical entrance exam with the awareness that he is doing the right thing. Thus, self-observation leads Vikrant to self-improvement.
Thus the lesson shows how to bridge the gap between the parents and the children. It shows that if children are prepared to move a step forward in the process of easing friction, parents are also ready to take that extra step.

Glossary:

pounded (ppt): hit, throb
cosmos (n): everything (universe)
glee (n): happiness, delight
junkies (n): useless, unwanted
galvanizing (v): provoking, stimulating
scorn (n): contempt, disrespect
chafe (v): irritated, annoyed
objectively (adv): without prejudice, without bias
refrain (v): avoid doing, abstain
hobnob (v): associate, go around with
confrontation (n): disagreement

## Karnataka Board Class 9 Science Chapter 11 Work and Energy

### KSEEB Solutions Class 9 Science Chapter 11 Intext Questions

Question 1.
A force of 7N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8m, in the direction of the force. Let us take it that they force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
Work done on an object = 7N × 8m = 56 Nm or 56 J.

Question 2.
When do we say that work is done?
Two conditions need to be satisfied for work to be done:

1. a force should act on an object and
2. the object must be displaced.

Question 3.
Write an expression for the work done when a force is acting on an object in the direction of its displacement.
Let a constant force F act on an object. Let the object be displaced through a distance S in the direction of the force. Let W be work done. We define work to be equal to the product of the force and displacement.
Work done = force × displacement W = F × S.

Question 4.
Define 1 J of work.
1 J is the amount of work done on an object when a force of 1 N displaces it by 1 m along the line of action of the force.

Question 5.
A pair of bullocks exerts a force of 140 N on a plough. The field being ploughed is 15m long. How much work is done in ploughing the length of the field?
Force exerted, F = 140N.
Displacement, S = 15m
Work done in ploughing the field
W = F × S
= 140 × 15
= 2100J
= 2.1 × 103 J.

Free Kinetic Energy Calculator – calculate kinetic energy step by step.

Question 6.
What is the kinetic energy of an object?
Objects in motion possess energy, we call this energy kinetic energy.

Question 7.
Write an expression for the kinetic energy of an object.
KE = $$\frac{1}{2}$$ mv2.

Question 8.
The kinetic energy of an object of mass, m moving with a velocity of 5 ms-1 is 25 J. What will be its kinetic energy when its velocity is doubled? What will be its kinetic energy when its velocity is increased three times?
Kinetic energy, k = $$\frac{1}{2}$$ mv2.
Where m = mass of the object
V = velocity of the object.
Here mass (m) is the same in both cases (∵ object is same)
$$\frac{\mathbf{k}_{1}}{\mathbf{k}_{2}}=\left(\frac{\mathbf{v}_{1}}{\mathbf{v}_{2}}\right)^{2}$$
Initial kinetic energy k1 = 25J
Initial velocity V2 = 5 ms-1
New kinetic Energy K2 = ?
New velocity v2 = 3v1 = 3 × 5 = 10 ms-1

∴ When velocity is increased three times its K.E. is 225J.

Question 9.
What is power?
Power is defined as the rate of doing work or the rate of transfer of energy w
P = $$\frac{w}{t}$$

Question 10.
Define 1 watt of power.
Power is 1 W when the rate of consumption of energy is 1 JS-1.

Question 11.
A lamp consumes 1000 J of electrical energy in 10s. What is its power?
Power = 1000 J Work w = 1000J
Time = 10 s
Power of lamp, P = w/t
= 1000/10 = 100W
∴ Power of a lamp = 100 KW.

Question 12.
Define average power.
We obtain average power by dividing the total energy consumed by the total time taken.

### KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11 Textbook Exercises

Question 1.
Look at the activities listed below. Reason out whether or not work is done in the light of your understanding of the term ‘work’

1. Suma is swimming in a pond.
2. A donkey is carrying a load on its back.
3. A windmill is lifting water from a well.
4. A green plant is carrying out photosynthesis.
5. An engine is pulling a train.
6. Food grains are getting dried in the sun.
7. A sailboat is moving due to wind energy.

1. Work is being done by Seema because she displaces the water by applying the force.
2. No work is being done by the donkey because the direction of force i.e the load is vertically downward and displacement is along the horizontal. If displacement and force are perpendiculars then no work is done.
3. Work is done because the windmill is lifting the water i.e., it is changing the position of water.
4. No work is done because there are no force and displacement.
5. Work is done because the engine is changing the position of the train.
6. No work’ is done because there is no force and no displacement.
7. Work is done because the force acting on the boat is moving it.

Question 2.
An object was thrown at a certain angle to the ground moves in a curved path and falls back to the ground the initial and the final points of the path of the object lie on the same horizontal line. What is the work done by the force of gravity on the object?
Work done by the force of gravity, W = mgh.
Where h = difference in height of initial and final positions of the object.
According to the question, the initial and final positions of the object lie in the same horizontal line. So h = 0.
∴ Work done W = mg × 0 = 0

Question 3.
A battery lights a bulb. Describe the energy changes involved in the process.
In the case given in the question, the battery has chemical energy which is converted into energy. Electric energy provided to the bulb further converted into light energy.

Question 4.
A certain force acting on a 20 kg mass changes its velocity from 5 ms-1 to 2 ms-1. Calculate the work done by the force.
Mass, m = 20 kg.
Initial velocity, u = 5 ms-1
Final velocity v = 2ms-1
Work done by the force = change in kinetic energy
= Final kinetic energy – Initial kinetic energy

Question 5.
A mass of 10kg is at a point A on a table. It is moved to a point B. If the line joining A and B is horizontal what is the work done on the object by the gravitational force? Explain your answer.
Work done by gravitational force W = mgh
Where h = Difference in the heights of initial and final positions of the object.
Here both the initial and final positions are on the same horizontal line.
So there is no difference in height i.e., h = 0.
∴ work done W = mg × 0 = 0.

Question 6.
The potential energy of a freely falling object decreases progressively. Does this violate the law of conservation of energy? Why?
The total mechanical energy remains constant / as P.E. of the freely falling object decreases. Its kinetic energy and the kinetic energy increases on account of an increases its velocity) the law of conservation of energy is not violated.

Question 7.
What are the various energy transformations that occur when you are riding a bicycle?

1. Muscular energy into kinetic energy
2. the kinetic energy of the rotation of the which into kinetic energy of the bicycle.

Question 8.
Does the transfer of energy take place when you push a huge rock with all your might and fail to move it? Where is the energy you spend going?
When we push a huge rock and fall to move it. The energy spent in doing so is absorbed by the.rock. This energy is converted into potential energy of the configuration of the rock which results in its deformation. However t his deformation is not visible on account of the huge size of the rock.

Question 9.
A certain household has consumed 250 units of energy during a month. How much energy is this in Joules?
Energy consumed w = 250 units
= 250 kwh
= 250 × 1000 W × 3600 S
= 250 × 1000 J/S × 3600 S
= 9 × 108 J.

Question 10.
An object of mass 40 kg is raised to a height of 5m above the ground what is its potential energy? If the object is allowed to fall, find its kinetic energy when it is halfway down.
Mass m = 40 kg.
height h = 5 m.
Potential energy PE = mgh = 40 × 9.8 × 5 = 1960J.
KE at half way down = PE at halfway down = $$\mathrm{mg} \frac{\mathrm{h}}{2}$$
= 40 × 9.8 × $$\frac{5}{2}$$ = 980 J.

Calculate mass, acceleration of gravity, height by entering the required values in the potential energy calculator.

Question 11.
What is the work done by the force of gravity on a satellite moving round the earth? Justify your answer.

The satellite round the earth moves in a circular orbit. Here the force of gravity acts towards the centre of the earth and displacement of the satellite is along the tangent of the circular path that means therefore and displacement are perpendicular to each other.
So, work done, W = F.S cosθ
= F × S cos 90°
= F × S × 0
= 0
That is, no work is done by the force of gravity.

Question 12.
Can there be displacement of an object in the absence of any force acting on it? think. Discuss this question with your friends and teacher.
If an object moves with a constant velocity (i.e, there is no acceleration) then no force acts on it. As the object is moving ie it is displaced from one position to another position.

Question 13.
A person holds a bundle of hay over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired. Has he done some work or not? Justify your answer.
The person has no movement ie his displacement is zero. So the person had done no work (∵ work is done only when the object is displaced).

Question 14.
An electric heater is rated 1500 W. How much energy does it use in 10 hours?
Time = 10 h = 10 × 60 min
= 10 × 60 × 60 S

Energy = power × time
= 1500 × 10 × 60 × 60
= 5.4 × 107 J.

Question 15.
Illustrate the law of conservation of energy by discussing the energy changes which occur when we draw a pendulum bob to one side and allow it to oscillate why does the bob eventually comes to rest? What happens to its energy eventually? Is it a violation of the law of conservation of energy?
When the pendulum oscillates in the air, the air friction opposes its motion. So some part of the kinetic energy of the pendulum is used to overcome this friction. With the passage of time, the kinetic energy of the pendulum goes on decreasing and finally becomes zero. The kinetic energy of the pendulum is transferred to the atmosphere. So energy is being transferred ie it is converted into one form to another. So here is no violation of the law of conservation of energy.

Question 16.
An object of mass, m is moving with a constant velocity, v. How much work should be done on the object in order to bring the object to rest?
The work done on the object to bring the object to rest
= change in kinetic energy
= Final kinetic energy – Initial Kinetic energy
Here final kinetic energy is zero because the object is brought to rest.

Question 17.
Calculate the work required to be done to stop a car of 1500 kg moving at the velocity of 60km/h?
Mass, m = 1500 kg.
Initial velocity, u = 60 kmh-1
= 60 × $$\frac{5}{18}$$ = 16.67 ms-1
Final velocity, v = 0
(∵ the car comes to rest)
Work done to stop the car = change in kinetic energy
= Final kinetic energy – Initial Kinetic energy

Question 18.
In each of the following a force, F is acting on an object of mass M. The direction of displacement is from west to east shown by the longer arrow. Observe the diagram carefully and state whether the work done by the force is negative, positive or zero.

Cas i) The force and displacement are perpendicular to each other. So S = 90°
Work done = FScos θ°
= FScos 90°
= FS × 0 = 0
(∵ cos90° = 0)
Cas ii) The force and displacement are in the same direction so θ = 0°
Work done = FScos θ°
= FScos 90°
= FS × 1 = FS
(∵ cos θ° = 1)
That is the work done is positive.
Cas iii) The force and displacement in opposite direction θ = 180°
Workdone = FScos θ°
= FScos 180°
= FS × -1 = FS
(∵ cos 180° = -1)
That is workdone is negative.

Question 19.
Soni says that the acceleration in an object could be zero even when several forces are acting on it. Do you agree with her? Why?
Yes, I agree with Soni, the acceleration of an object can be zero even when several forces are acting on it if the resultant of all the forces acting is zero.

Question 20.
Find the energy in kWh consumed in 10 hours by four devices of power 500 w each.
Total power p = 500w × 4 = 2000w.
Time, t = 10h
Energy = p × t.
= 2000w × 10h
= 2kwh × 10h = 20kwh.
∴ Energy = 20kwh.

Question 21.
A freely falling object eventually stops on reaching the ground. What happens to its kinetic energy?
P.E. of the configuration of the body and the ground (the body may be deformed and the ground may at the place of collision).
This process energy in which the kinetic energy of a freely falling body is lost in an unproductive chain of energy charges is called dissipation of energy.

### KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11 Additional Questions and Answer

Fill in the blanks:
Question 1.
Work done = ___________
force, displacement

Question 2.
An object having the capability to do work is said to possess __________
energy.

Question 3.
__________ is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
Kinetic energy

Question 4.
P.E
mgh.

Question 5.
Larger unit of energy is called
kilojoule.

Question 1.
Can there be displacement of an object in the absence of any force acting on it?
In the absence of any force on the object i.e., F = 0, ma, (as F = ma) since m ≠ 0 and a = 0. In such a case the object is either at rest or in a state of uniform motion in a straight line in the latter case there is a displacement . of the object without any force acting on it.

Question 2.
How does a bullet pierce a target?
A bullet moves with large velocity and as such possesses a lot of kinetic energy the work in piercing the target is derived from the kinetic energy of the bullet.

Question 3.
Why do some engines require fuels like petrol and diesel?
Internal combustion heat engines use the chemical energy of fossil fuel (petrol and diesel) for their operation. These engines first convert the chemical energy of the fuels into heat energy. Which is later on converted into mechanical energy.

Question 4.
Calculate the work done by a body. By the force of 5 N makes to move through a distance of 12 m.
W = F x s = 5 x 12 = 60 joules

Question 5.
When force 6 N applied on a wall, the wall remains in the same position, calculate the work done.
W = F x s
W – 6 x s = 6 x 0 = 0 Joules No work is done on the body

Question 6.
Electricity is the most convenient form of energy. Why?
It can be converted into other forms of energy easily.
It can be produced by different means. It is ecofriendly

Question 7.
Calculate the power experienced by a source that can do work of 50 joules in 5 seconds.
Power = $$\frac{\text { Workdone }}{\text { Time taken }}$$
$$=\frac{50}{5} \frac{\text { Joules }}{\text { Second }}$$ = 10 J/s = 10 watts

## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Ex 3.3

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Ex 3.3 are part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths. Here we have given Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Exercise 3.3.

## Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Ex 3.3

Question 1.
In Fig. 3.39, sides QP and RQ of ∆PQR are produced to points S and T respectively. If ∠SPR = 135° and ∠PQT = 110°, find ∠PRQ.

Arms of the ∆PQR QP and RP are produced to S and T and ∠PQT = 110°, ∠SPR = 135°. ∠PRQ =?
Straight-line PR is on straight line SQ.
∠SPR and ∠RPQ are Adjacent angles.
∴ ∠SPR + ∠RPQ = 180°
135 + ∠RPQ = 180°
∴ ∠RPQ =180 – 135
∠RPQ = 45° (i)
Similarly QP straight line is on straight line TR.
∠TQP and ∠PQR are Adjacent angles.
∴ ∠RQP + ∠PQR = 180°
110 + ∠PQR = 180°
∠PQR = 180 – 110
∴ ∠PQR = 70°
Now, in ∆PQR,
∠QPR + ∠PQR + ∠PRQ = 180°
45 + 70 + ∠PRQ = 180°
115 + ∠PRQ = 180°
∠PRQ = 180 – 115
∴ ∠PRQ = 65°.

Reference Angle Calculator. The reference angle is defined as the smallest possible angle made by the terminal side of the given angle with the x-axis.

Question 2.
In Fig. 3.40, ∠X = 62°. ∠XYZ = 54°. If YO and ZO are the bisectors of ∠XYZ and ∠XZY respectively of ∆XYZ, find ∠OZY and ∠YOZ

In this figure, ∠X = 62°
∠XYZ = 54°
In ∆XYZ, YO and ZO are angular bisectors of ∠XYZ and ∠XZY.
Then, ∠OZY =?
∠OYZ =?

In ∆XYZ
∠X + ∠Y + ∠Z = 180°
62 + 54 + ∠Z= 180
116 + ∠Z= 180
∠Z= 180- 116
∴ ∠Z = 64°
YO is the angular bisector of ∠Y
∴ ∠OYZ = $$\frac{54}{2}$$ = 27°
ZO is the angular bisector of ∠Z
∴ ∠OZY = $$\frac{64}{2}$$ = 32°
∴ ∠OZY = 32°
Now, in ∆OYZ,
∠OYZ + ∠OZY + ∠YOZ = 180°
27 + 32 + ∠YOZ = 180
59 + ∠YOZ = 180
∠YOZ = 180 – 59
∴∠YOZ = 121°
∴ ∠OZY = 32°
∠YOZ = 121°

Question 3.
In Fig. 3.41, if AB||DE, ∠BAC = 35° and ∠CDE = 53°, find ∠DCE.

If AB || DE, ∠BAC = 35, ∠CDE = 53 then ∠DCE = ?
AB || DE, AE is the bisector.
∴∠BAC = ∠DEC = 35° (∵ Alternate angles)
∴∠DEC= 35°

Now in ∆CDE,
∠DCE + ∠CDE + ∠CED = 180°
∠DCE + 53 + 35 = 180
∠DCE + 88 = 180
∠DEC = 180 – 88
∴ ∠DCE = 92°.

Question 4.
In Fig. 3.42, if lines PQ and RS intersect at point T, such that ∠PRT = 40°, ∠RPT = 95° and ∠TSQ = 75°, find ∠SQT.

PQ and RS straight lines intersect at T.
If ∠PRT = 40°, ∠RPT = 95°, and ∠TSQ = 75°, then ∠SQT =?

In ∆PRT,
∠RPT + ∠PRT + ∠PTR = 180°
95 + 40 + ∠PTR = 180°
135 + ∠PTR = 180
∠PTR = 180 – 135
∴ ∠PTR = 45°
∠PTR = ∠STQ = 45° (∵ Vertically opposite angles)
In ∆TSQ,
∠STQ + ∠TSQ + ∠SQT =180
45 + 75 + ∠SQT = 180
120 + ∠SQT = 180
∴∠SQT = 180 – 120
∴ ∠SQT = 60°.

Question 5.
In Fig. 3.43, PQ ⊥ PS, PQ || SR, ∠SQR = 28° and ∠QRT = 65°. then find the value of x and y.

PQ ⊥ PS, PQ ⊥ SR, ∠SQR = 28°, ∠QRT = 65°, Then x = ?, y = ?

Solution: ∠QRT + ∠QRS = 180° (∵ Linear pairs)
65 + ∠QRS = 180
∠QRS = 180 – 65
∴∠QRS =115°
In ∆SRQ,
∠QRS + ∠SQR + ∠RSQ = 180°
115 + 28 + ∠RSQ = 180
∴∠RSQ =180 – 143
∴∠RSQ = 37
Now, ∠RSQ = ∠PQS
37° = x
∴x = 37
In ∆SPQ,
∠SPQ + ∠PSQ + ∠PQS = 180°
90 + y + 37 = 180
∴y = 180- 127
∴y = 53°.

Question 6.
In Fig. 3.44, the side QR of ∆PQR is produced to a point S. If the bisectors of ∠PQR and ∠PRS meet at point T, then prove that ∠QTR = $$\frac{1}{2}$$∠QPR.

Data: Arm QR of ∆PQR is produced upto S. Angular bisectors of ∠PQR and ∠PRS meet at T.
To Prove: ∠QTR = $$\frac{1}{2}$$ ∠QPR

Proof: Let ∠PQR = 50°, and ∠PRS = 120°
∠PQT = ∠TQR = 25°
∠PRT = ∠TRS = 60°
QR arm of ∆ PQR is produced upto S.
∴Exterior angle ∠PRS = ∠PQR + ∠QPR
120 = 50 + ∠QPR
∴ ∠QPR = 120 – 50
∠QPR = 70°
∴ ∠PRQ = 60°
Now, in ∆TRQ,
∠TQR + ∠TRQ + ∠QTR = 180°
25 + 120 + ∠QTR = 180°
145 + ∠QTR = 180°
∠QTR = 180 – 145
∴ ∠QTR = 35°
Now, ∠QTR = 35° ∠QPR = 70°
∠QTR = $$\frac{70}{2}$$
∴ ∠QTR = $$\frac{10}{2}$$ x ∠QPR.

We hope the KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Ex 3.3 help you. If you have any query regarding Karnataka Board Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Lines and Angles Exercise 3.3, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Sanskrit नंदिनी Karnataka State Syllabus

Expert Teachers at KSEEBSolutions.com has created KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Sanskrit नंदिनी Pdf Free Download of 9th Standard Karnataka Sanskrit Textbook Solutions Answers, Sanskrit Guide Notes Pdf, Textbook Questions and Answers, Model Question Papers with Answers, Study Material, are part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9. Here we have given 1st Language KTBS Karnataka State Board Syllabus for Sanskrit 9th Class Textbook Solutions of Samskrita Nandini 2 Guide.

## Sanskrit Guide for Class 9 Karnataka State Syllabus (1st Language)

Students can download Samskrita Nandini 2 Guide for Class 9 Karnataka State Syllabus of 1st Language Sanskrit.

पूरक पाठाः

We hope the given KSEEB Class 9 Sanskrit नंदिनी Solutions Pdf Free Download of 9th Standard Karnataka Sanskrit Textbook Solutions Answers, Sanskrit Guide Notes Pdf, Textbook Questions and Answers, Model Question Papers with Answers, Study Material will help you. If you have any queries regarding First Language KTBS Karnataka State Board Syllabus for Sanskrit 9th Class Textbook Solutions of Samskrita Nandini 2 Guide, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

Tili Kannada Text Book Class 9 Answers Solutions Guide Notes Pdf free download is part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9. Here we have given Karnataka State Board Syllabus 9th Standard 1st Language Tili Kannada Textbook Solutions.

## Tili Kannada Text Book Class 9 Answers Solutions Guide (2nd Language)

Class 9 Tili Kannada Puraka Odu​ Karnataka State Board Solutions

Class 9 Tili Kannada Rachana Bhaga Karnataka State Board

We hope the given Tili Kannada Text Book Class 9 Solutions Answers Guide Notes Pdf free download will help you. If you have any queries regarding Karnataka State Board NCERT Syllabus 9th Standard 1st Language Tili Kannada Textbook Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

Siri Kannada Text Book Class 9 Answers Solutions Guide Notes Pdf free download is part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9. Here we have given Karnataka State Board Syllabus 9th Standard 1st Language Siri Kannada Textbook NCERT Solutions. Students can also read Tili Kannada Text Book Class 9 Solutions of 2nd language.

## Siri Kannada Text Book Class 9 Answers Solutions Guide (1st Language)

Class 9 Siri Kannada Rachana Bhaga Karnataka State Board

## Tili Kannada Text Book Class 9 Answers Solutions Guide (2nd Language)

Class 9 Tili Kannada Puraka Odu​ Karnataka State Board Solutions

Class 9 Tili Kannada Rachana Bhaga Karnataka State Board

We hope the given Siri Kannada Text Book Class 9 Solutions Answers Guide Notes Pdf free download will help you. If you have any queries regarding Karnataka State Board NCERT Syllabus 9th Standard 1st Language Siri Kannada Textbook Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

## KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Hindi वल्लरी Karnataka State Syllabus

Expert Teachers at KSEEBSolutions.com has created KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Hindi वल्लरी Pdf Free Download in English Medium and Kannada Medium of 9th Standard Karnataka Hindi Textbook Solutions Answers Guide, Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Model Question Papers with Answers, Study Material, are part of KSEEB Solutions for Class 9. Here we have given 3rd Language KTBS Karnataka State Board Syllabus for Class 9 Hindi Textbook Solutions Vallari.

## Karnataka State Board Syllabus for Class 9 Hindi Solutions वल्लरी

9th Class Hindi Textbook Solutions Karnataka State Syllabus

सेतुबंध

परिशिष्ट

We hope the given KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Hindi वल्लरी Pdf Free Download in English Medium and Kannada Medium of 9th Std Karnataka Hindi Textbook Answers Solutions Guide, Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Model Question Papers with Answers, Study Material will help you. If you have any queries regarding Third Language KTBS Karnataka State Board Syllabus for Class 9 Hindi Textbooks Solutions Vallari, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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