KSEEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Class 7 Science Reproduction in Plants NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Production of new individuals from the 1 vegetative part of the parent is called _________________.
2. A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called _________________.
3. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _________________.
4. The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _________________.
5. Seed dispersal takes place by means of _________________, _________________ and _________________.

Answer:

1. vegetative reproduction
2. unisexual flower
3. cross-pollination
4. fertilization
5. wind, water, and animals

Question 2.
Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples. Different methods of asexual reproduction :
Answer:
Vegetative propagation: It is the ability of a plant to produce new plants from vegetative parts of the plant like roots, stems, leaves and buds Vegetative propagation is divided into two types.

1. Natural Vegetative propagation: This type of vegetative propagation occurs easily in nature and involves simple vegetative parts.
2. Artificial Vegetative propagation: This type of vegetative propagation is performed manually and generally occurs in laboratory conditions.
3. Budding: It involves the formation of a new individual from a bulb-like projection called a bud. The bud grows and gets detached from the parent to form a new individual. It is commonly observed in yeast.
4. Fragmentation: It is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism is formed from the fragments of the parent body. It is the only mode of asexual reproduction in spirogyra.
5. Spore formation: Many non – flowering plants reproduce through spore formation, spore are tiny cells protected by a thick wall. Fungi such as bread moulds reproduce asexually using this method.

Question 3.
Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction is a process which involves the production of seeds in plants. It requires two parents. Most plants reproduce sexually with the help of flowers. Through this process, new organisms are produced which are almost similar to their parents.

Question 4.
State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Answer:

Asexual reproduction	Sexual reproduction
i. It requires only one parent.	i. It requires two parents.
ii. In asexual reproduction, newly developed plants are identical to the parent	ii. sexual reproduction, newly developed plants are similar to their parents.
iii. Special reproductive parts are not required for asexual reproduction.	iii. Flower is the reproductive part of a plant which contains the sexual organs of a plant. These are important for sexual reproduction.
iv. Examples: Yeast, rose, jasmine, potato etc	iv. Examples: Flowering plants sucy as hibiscus, com, papaya etc.

Question 5.
Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.
Answer:

Question 6.
Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Answer:

Self-pollination	Cross-pollination
i. Pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of the same flower.	i. Pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of different flowers.
ii. A pollinating agent is not required.	ii. A pollinating agent such as wind, water, insects, etc. is required.
iii. Examples: Peanuts, sunflower, etc	iii. Examples: Mango, rose and most of the flowering plants.

Question 7.
How does the process of fertilisation take place in flowers?
Answer:
After pollination, the pollen grain develops a pollen tube which passes through style to the ovule. Pollen tube carries male gametes to the ovule. Through micropyle, it enters the ovule where one male gamete fuses with a female gamete to form a zygote. This process of fusion of male and female gamete is called fertilization.

Question 8.
Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.
Answer:
Seed dispersal occurs by the following agencies.
a. Dispersal by animals: There are many ways by which birds and animals can disperse seeds. for example, birds and animals can eat the fruits and excrete the seeds away from the parent plant.

b. Dispersal by the wind : Seeds that get dispersed by wind are usually smaller in size or they have wings or hair-like structures. for example, winged seeds of drumsticks, hairy fruit of the sunflower, etc., are dispersed by the wind.

c. Dispersal by Water: Many aquatic plants or plants that live near water have seeds that can float and are carried away by water. for example, coconuts can float and are dispersed by water.

d. Dispersal by explosion: Sometimes the seeds are dispersed by the bursting of fruits with sudden jerks. The seeds get scattered or distributed far from the plant. for examples of such plants are caster and balsam.

Question 9.
Match items in Column I with those in Column II:

Column I	Column II
(a) Bud	(i) Maple
(b) Eyes	(ii) Spirogyra
(c) Fragmentation	(iii) Yeast
(d) Wings	(iv) Bread mould
(e) Spores	(v) Potato
	(vi) Rose

Answers:
a – iii,
b – v,
e – ii,
d – i,
e – iv

Question 10.
Tick (✓) the correct answer:
(a) The reproductive part of a plant is the
(i) leaf
(ii) stem
(iii) root
(iv) flower(✓)

(b) The process of fusion of the male and the female gametes is called
(i) fertilisation (✓)
(ii) pollination
(iii) reproduction
(iv) seed formation

(c) Mature ovary forms the
(i) seed
(ii) stamen
(iii) pistil
(iv) fruit (✓)

(d) A spore-producing plant is
(i) rose
(ii) bread mould
(iii) potato
(iv) ginger

(e) Bryophyllum can reproduce by its
(i) stem
(ii) leaves (✓)
(iii) roots
(iv) flower

Class 7 Science Reproduction in Plants Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Define Reproduction.
Answer:
All organisms multiply or reproduce their own kind. The production of new individuals from their parents is known as reproduction.

Question 2.
How many types of reproduction in plants? Name them.
Answer:
There are two types of reproduction in plants. They are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

Question 3.
Define asexual reproduction.
Answer:
Asexual reproduction takes place without the union of male & female. New plants are formed without the production of seeds.

Question 4.
Write neat diagrams of vegetative propagation and label the parts.
Answer:

Question 5.
Write a neat diagram of Fragmentation in spirogyra and spore formation in fungus and Label the parts.
Answer:

Question 6.
Draw a neat diagram of the reproductive parts of plants.
Answer:

Question 7.
Define unisexual and bisexual flowers.
Answer:
Flowers which contain either only pistil or only stamens are called unisexual flowers.
Eg: corn, papaya, cucumber Flowers which contain both stamens and pistil are called bisexual flowers.
Eg: Rose, mustard, petunia

Question 8.
Draw a neat diagram which shows the two types of pollination in flower.
Answer:

Question 9.
Draw a neat diagram of fertilization.
Answer:

Question 10.
Draw a neat diagram and label the parts of the seeds of drumstick and maple.
Answer:

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Roots, stems, and leaves are called the Vegetative parts of a plant.
2. Flowers are there Productive parts of the plant.
3. Reproduction through the vegetative parts of the plant is known as Vegetative propagation.
4. The scars on the potato plant are called eyes.
5. The small bulb-like projection from the yeast cell is called a bud.
6. Stamens are the male reproductive part of the plant.
7. The pistil is the female reproductive part of the plant.
8. A spore germinates and develops into a new individual.
9. The fruits are ripened ovary
10. Vegetative propagation in potato takes place by stem.